SSLについては全く分からないので、ご容赦いただければと思います。
よろしくお願いいたします。
エラーメッセージと解決したいこと
Tweepyを使用してTwitter APIからツイートを取得するため、JupyterLab上でツイートの取得を試みました。しかしSSLCertVerificationErrorが表示されるため、ツイートが取得できません。解決方法をご教授いただけますでしょうか。
環境、コード、エラーメッセージは以下の通りです。Twitter APIの利用申請は完了し承認されています。
【環境】
ソフト：JupyterLab（サーバー：Google Chrome）
OS：Windows10
PC：会社支給
接続：自宅からVPN（テレワーク）
【コード】
参考URL：https://qiita.com/kitarikes/items/543ab75a379f0bf903cc
import tweepy
consumer_key = "APIから取得したもの"
consumer_secret = "APIから取得したもの"
access_token = "APIから取得したもの"
access_token_secret = "APIから取得したもの"
proxy = "http://[ユーザーID]:[パスワード]@[プロキシサーバのアドレス]:[ポート番号]"
auth = tweepy.OAuthHandler(consumer_key, consumer_secret)
auth.set_access_token(access_token, access_token_secret)
api = tweepy.API(auth, proxy=proxy)
q = "teratail"
nitems = 5
tweets = tweepy.Cursor(api.search_tweets, q=q, lang="ja").items(nitems)
for tweet in tweets:
print(tweet)
【エラーメッセージ】
※最大文字数を超えたので、後半部分は補足に追記します。
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
SSLCertVerificationError Traceback (most recent call last)
~\Miniconda3\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py in urlopen(self, method, url, body, headers, retries, redirect, assert_same_host, timeout, pool_timeout, release_conn, chunked, body_pos, **response_kw)
695 if is_new_proxy_conn and http_tunnel_required:
--> 696 self._prepare_proxy(conn)
697
~\Miniconda3\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py in _prepare_proxy(self, conn)
963
--> 964 conn.connect()
965
~\Miniconda3\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connection.py in connect(self)
410
--> 411 self.sock = ssl_wrap_socket(
412 sock=conn,
~\Miniconda3\lib\site-packages\urllib3\util\ssl_.py in ssl_wrap_socket(sock, keyfile, certfile, cert_reqs, ca_certs, server_hostname, ssl_version, ciphers, ssl_context, ca_cert_dir, key_password, ca_cert_data, tls_in_tls)
448 if send_sni:
--> 449 ssl_sock = _ssl_wrap_socket_impl(
450 sock, context, tls_in_tls, server_hostname=server_hostname
~\Miniconda3\lib\site-packages\urllib3\util\ssl_.py in _ssl_wrap_socket_impl(sock, ssl_context, tls_in_tls, server_hostname)
492 if server_hostname:
--> 493 return ssl_context.wrap_socket(sock, server_hostname=server_hostname)
494 else:
~\Miniconda3\lib\ssl.py in wrap_socket(self, sock, server_side, do_handshake_on_connect, suppress_ragged_eofs, server_hostname, session)
499 # ctx._wrap_socket()
--> 500 return self.sslsocket_class._create(
501 sock=sock,
~\Miniconda3\lib\ssl.py in _create(cls, sock, server_side, do_handshake_on_connect, suppress_ragged_eofs, server_hostname, context, session)
1039 raise ValueError("do_handshake_on_connect should not be specified for non-blocking sockets")
-> 1040 self.do_handshake()
1041 except (OSError, ValueError):
~\Miniconda3\lib\ssl.py in do_handshake(self, block)
1308 self.settimeout(None)
-> 1309 self._sslobj.do_handshake()
1310 finally:
SSLCertVerificationError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:1131)
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
MaxRetryError Traceback (most recent call last)
~\Miniconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py in send(self, request, stream, timeout, verify, cert, proxies)
438 if not chunked:
--> 439 resp = conn.urlopen(
440 method=request.method,
~\Miniconda3\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py in urlopen(self, method, url, body, headers, retries, redirect, assert_same_host, timeout, pool_timeout, release_conn, chunked, body_pos, **response_kw)
754
--> 755 retries = retries.increment(
756 method, url, error=e, _pool=self, _stacktrace=sys.exc_info()[2]
~\Miniconda3\lib\site-packages\urllib3\util\retry.py in increment(self, method, url, response, error, _pool, _stacktrace)
573 if new_retry.is_exhausted():
--> 574 raise MaxRetryError(_pool, url, error or ResponseError(cause))
575
MaxRetryError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='api.twitter.com', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /1.1/search/tweets.json?q=teratail&lang=ja (Caused by SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:1131)')))
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
SSLError Traceback (most recent call last)
~\Miniconda3\lib\site-packages\tweepy\api.py in request(self, method, endpoint, endpoint_parameters, params, headers, json_payload, parser, payload_list, payload_type, post_data, files, require_auth, return_cursors, upload_api, use_cache, **kwargs)
215 try:
--> 216 resp = self.session.request(
217 method, url, params=params, headers=headers,
~\Miniconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py in request(self, method, url, params, data, headers, cookies, files, auth, timeout, allow_redirects, proxies, hooks, stream, verify, cert, json)
541 send_kwargs.update(settings)
--> 542 resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
543
~\Miniconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py in send(self, request, **kwargs)
654 # Send the request
--> 655 r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
656
~\Miniconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py in send(self, request, stream, timeout, verify, cert, proxies)
513 # This branch is for urllib3 v1.22 and later.
--> 514 raise SSLError(e, request=request)
515
SSLError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='api.twitter.com', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /1.1/search/tweets.json?q=teratail&lang=ja (Caused by SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:1131)')))
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
TweepyException Traceback (most recent call last)
~\AppData\Local\Temp/ipykernel_13316/2438765585.py in <module>
16 tweets = tweepy.Cursor(api.search_tweets, q=q, lang="ja").items(nitems)
17
---> 18 for tweet in tweets:
19 print(tweet)
~\Miniconda3\lib\site-packages\tweepy\cursor.py in __next__(self)
84
85 def __next__(self):
---> 86 return self.next()
87
88 def next(self):
~\Miniconda3\lib\site-packages\tweepy\cursor.py in next(self)
284 if self.current_page is None or self.page_index == len(self.current_page) - 1:
285 # Reached end of current page, get the next page...
--> 286 self.current_page = next(self.page_iterator)
287 while len(self.current_page) == 0:
288 self.current_page = next(self.page_iterator)
~\Miniconda3\lib\site-packages\tweepy\cursor.py in __next__(self)
84
85 def __next__(self):
---> 86 return self.next()
87
88 def next(self):
~\Miniconda3\lib\site-packages\tweepy\cursor.py in next(self)
165
166 if self.index >= len(self.results) - 1:
--> 167 data = self.method(max_id=self.max_id, parser=RawParser(), *self.args, **self.kwargs)
168
169 model = ModelParser().parse(
~\Miniconda3\lib\site-packages\tweepy\api.py in wrapper(*args, **kwargs)
31 @functools.wraps(method)
32 def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
---> 33 return method(*args, **kwargs)
34 wrapper.pagination_mode = mode
35 return wrapper
~\Miniconda3\lib\site-packages\tweepy\api.py in wrapper(*args, **kwargs)
44 kwargs['payload_list'] = payload_list
45 kwargs['payload_type'] = payload_type
---> 46 return method(*args, **kwargs)
47 wrapper.payload_list = payload_list
48 wrapper.payload_type = payload_type
~\Miniconda3\lib\site-packages\tweepy\api.py in search_tweets(self, q, **kwargs)
1266 https://developer.twitter.com/en/docs/twitter-api/v1/tweets/search/api-reference/get-search-tweets
1267 """
-> 1268 return self.request(
1269 'GET', 'search/tweets', endpoint_parameters=(
1270 'q', 'geocode', 'lang', 'locale', 'result_type', 'count',
~\Miniconda3\lib\site-packages\tweepy\api.py in request(self, method, endpoint, endpoint_parameters, params, headers, json_payload, parser, payload_list, payload_type, post_data, files, require_auth, return_cursors, upload_api, use_cache, **kwargs)
220 )
221 except Exception as e:
--> 222 raise TweepyException(f'Failed to send request: {e}').with_traceback(sys.exc_info()[2])
223
224 if 200 <= resp.status_code < 300:
解決法についてのお願い
おそらく以下のコードでSSLサーバ証明書の検証を無効にすれば取得できるかと思いますが、セキュリティの関係上使用したくないと考えています（Twitter APIにもSSLが必要と書いてあるので、それを無視するのは良くないとも思います）。
そのため、SSLの検証が通るような方法をご教授いただけますでしょうか。
【使用したくないコード】
参考URL：https://qiita.com/hrappuccino/items/84e3a5113b871037024a
import os
os.environ["CURL_CA_BUNDLE"] = ""
その他
・Twitter APIのkey、プロキシの設定は間違っていないと思います。
・会社のPCからGoogle Chromeで、Twitterにログインは可能です。
よろしくお願いいたします。
Q&A
自己解決
