rspec mysql ForeignKey errorの解決

Question

前提・実現したいこと

現在、作成したオリジナルアプリをhttps://qiita.com/naoki_mochizuki/items/5a1757d222806cbe0cd1こちらの記事に従ってawsにデプロイしようとしています。こちらの記事はMysqlを前提としていたので、https://note.com/itoa06/n/n31fe4f9cd6b9こちらを参考に変更しました。
変更後、rcpecを行うとすべて通っていたはずが通らなくなりました。
解決方法わかる方いましたら教えて頂きたいです。
また、下記のエラーはrspecとし、全体をテストした時に起こります。 rspec spec/requests等とするとエラーが起きません。なぜでしょうか？

発生している問題・エラーメッセージ

Failures:

  1) User is posts from unfollowed users are not displayed
     Failure/Error: FactoryBot.create(:post, :post_image, user: other_user)

     ActiveRecord::InvalidForeignKey:
       Mysql2::Error: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))
     # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:94:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'
     # ------------------
     # --- Caused by: ---
     # Mysql2::Error:
     #   Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))
     #   ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:94:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'

  2) Comments #create as an authenticated user responds successfully
     Failure/Error: let(:post_image) { FactoryBot.create(:post, :post_image, user: user) }

     ActiveRecord::InvalidForeignKey:
       Mysql2::Error: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))
     # ./spec/requests/comments_request_spec.rb:7:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'
     # ./spec/requests/comments_request_spec.rb:8:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'
     # ------------------
     # --- Caused by: ---
     # Mysql2::Error:
     #   Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))
     #   ./spec/requests/comments_request_spec.rb:7:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'

  3) Comments #create as an guest user is can't comment on a post
     Failure/Error: let(:post_image) { FactoryBot.create(:post, :post_image, user: user) }

     ActiveRecord::InvalidForeignKey:
       Mysql2::Error: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))
     # ./spec/requests/comments_request_spec.rb:7:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'
     # ./spec/requests/comments_request_spec.rb:8:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'
     # ------------------
     # --- Caused by: ---
     # Mysql2::Error:
     #   Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))
     #   ./spec/requests/comments_request_spec.rb:7:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'

  4) Comments #destroy as other user is can't delete comment
     Failure/Error: let(:post_image) { FactoryBot.create(:post, :post_image, user: user) }

     ActiveRecord::InvalidForeignKey:
       Mysql2::Error: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))
     # ./spec/requests/comments_request_spec.rb:7:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'
     # ./spec/requests/comments_request_spec.rb:8:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'
     # ------------------
     # --- Caused by: ---
     # Mysql2::Error:
     #   Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))
     #   ./spec/requests/comments_request_spec.rb:7:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'

  5) Like #create as an authenticated user responds successfully
     Failure/Error: let!(:post_image) { FactoryBot.create(:post, :post_image, user: user) }

     ActiveRecord::InvalidForeignKey:
       Mysql2::Error: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))
     # ./spec/requests/like_request_spec.rb:6:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'
     # ------------------
     # --- Caused by: ---
     # Mysql2::Error:
     #   Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))
     #   ./spec/requests/like_request_spec.rb:6:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'

  6) Like #create as an authenticated user is can like posts
     Failure/Error: let!(:post_image) { FactoryBot.create(:post, :post_image, user: user) }

     ActiveRecord::InvalidForeignKey:
       Mysql2::Error: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))
     # ./spec/requests/like_request_spec.rb:6:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'
     # ------------------
     # --- Caused by: ---
     # Mysql2::Error:
     #   Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))

...まだ続きます

spec/models/user_spec.rb

require 'rails_helper'


RSpec.describe User, type: :model do
  let(:user) { FactoryBot.create(:user) }
  let(:other_user) { FactoryBot.create(:user, email: "[e-mail]") }

.
.
.

  # フォローしていないユーザーの投稿は表示されない
  it "is posts from unfollowed users are not displayed" do
    FactoryBot.create(:other_user)
    FactoryBot.create(:post, :post_image, user: other_user)
    other_user.posts.each do |unfollowed|
      expect(user.feed).to_not include(unfollowed)
    end
  end
end

###app/models/user.rb

class User < ApplicationRecord
  has_one_attached :icon
  has_many :likes,    dependent: :destroy
  has_many :liked_posts, through: :likes, source: :user
  has_many :posts,    dependent: :destroy
  has_many :comments, dependent: :destroy
  has_many :active_relationships, class_name:  "Relationship",
                                  foreign_key: "follower_id",
                                  dependent:   :destroy
  has_many :passive_relationships, class_name:  "Relationship",
                                  foreign_key: "followed_id",
                                  dependent:   :destroy
  has_many :following, through: :active_relationships,  source: :followed
  has_many :followers, through: :passive_relationships
  attr_accessor :remember_token, :activation_token, :reset_token
  before_save   :downcase_email
  before_create :create_activation_digest
  validates :name, presence: true, length: { maximum:15 }
  VALID_EMAIL_REGEX = /\A[\w+\-.]+@[a-z\d\-]+(.[a-z\d\-]+)*.[a-z]+\z/i
  validates :email, presence: true, length: {maximum:255 },
                    format: { with: VALID_EMAIL_REGEX },
                    uniqueness: true
  has_secure_password
  validates :password, presence: true, length: { minimum: 6 }, allow_nil: true

...

###app/models/post.rb

class Post < ApplicationRecord
  belongs_to :user
  has_many   :likes,    dependent: :destroy
  has_many   :liked_users, through: :likes, source: :user
  has_many   :comments, dependent: :destroy
  has_one_attached :image
  default_scope -> { order(created_at: :desc) }
  validates :user_id, presence: true
  validates :name,    presence: true, length: { maximum:50 }
  validates :content, presence: true, length: { maximum:140 }
  validates :image,   presence:true,   
                      content_type: { in: %w[image/jpeg image/gif image/png],
                                      message: "有効な画像形式である必要があります" },
                      size:         { less_than: 5.megabytes,
                                      message: "5MB未満である必要があります" }
  def display_image
    image.variant(resize_to_fill:[280,600])
  end

  def like_by?(user)
    likes.where(user_id: user_id).exist?
  end
  def self.sort_like
    Post.all.sort{|a,b| b.liked_users.count <=> a.liked_users.count}
  end
end

補足情報（FW/ツールのバージョンなど）

Rails 6.0.3.2
ruby 2.7.1
ubuntu 18.04 LTS
ここにより詳細な情報を記載してください。

Answer 1

modelのcodeもtable のschemaもない、しかもえらーの起きたspecが載って居ない。。。。のでエスパーモードです。
Failure/Error: FactoryBot.create(:post, :post_image, user: other_user)
ここで
ActiveRecord::InvalidForeignKey: Mysql2::Error: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails ('viewhome_test'.'posts', CONSTRAINT 'fk_rails_5b5ddfd518' FOREIGN KEY ('user_id'

が起きているということは、actoryBot.create(:post, する前に other_user　が作られていないためでしょう

Comments

[kei__3]

申し訳ございません。。。
編集で追加しましたが、文字数制限に引っかかってしまうため一部省略しています。
table のschemaとは下記のものでよろしいでしょうか。
```
mysql> use viewhome_test;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> show COLUMNS FROM `users` ;
+-------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | bigint(20) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| name | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| email | varchar(255) | YES | UNI | NULL | |
| created_at | datetime(6) | NO | | NULL | |
| updated_at | datetime(6) | NO | | NULL | |
| password_digest | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| remember_digest | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| admin | tinyint(1) | YES | | 0 | |
| activation_digest | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| activated | tinyint(1) | YES | | 0 | |
| activated_at | datetime | YES | | NULL | |
| reset_digest | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| reset_sent_at | datetime | YES | | NULL | |
+-------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
```

FactoryBot.create(:post...の前に
FactoryBot.create(:other_user)を追加すると下記のエラーがでるようになりました。
Failure/Error: FactoryBot.create(:other_user)

KeyError:
Factory not registered: "other_user"
# ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:94:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'
# ------------------
# --- Caused by: ---
# KeyError:
# key not found: "other_user"
# ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:94:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'

letで使えるようにしていると思うのですが、、、

[kei__3]

rspecを行うと、上記のようにエラーがいくつもでたり、ほとんど通ったりします。なにが原因でしょうか？？

Failures:

1) User is posts from unfollowed users are not displayed
Failure/Error: FactoryBot.create(:other_user)

KeyError:
Factory not registered: "other_user"
# ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:94:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'
# ------------------
# --- Caused by: ---
# KeyError:
# key not found: "other_user"
# ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:94:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'

2) Relationships #delete as an authenticated user is can following user
Failure/Error: @user = Relationship.find(params[:id]).followed

ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound:
Couldn't find Relationship with 'id'=948
# ./app/controllers/relationships_controller.rb:14:in `destroy'
# ./spec/requests/relationships_request_spec.rb:49:in `block (5 levels) in <main>'
# ./spec/requests/relationships_request_spec.rb:48:in `block (4 levels) in <main>'

Finished in 22.17 seconds (files took 8.87 seconds to load)
84 examples, 2 failures

[winterboum]

table のschemaとはそれでもまぁ間違いでな無いですが、Railsの世界では db/schema.rb か db/migration をのせることが多いです。そのほうが情報が密なので

[winterboum]

「rspecを行うと、上記のようにエラーがいくつもでたり、ほとんど通ったりします。」
test を順番にやるモードとランダムにやるモードがあります。
other_userができていたりできていなかったりするのでしょう

[kei__3]

そうだったのですね。。
ありがとうございます。
モードがあるなんて知りませんでした。今までは順番に依存していたテストを書いていて依存したテストを行い通っていたということなのでしょうか？

[kei__3]

# This file is auto-generated from the current state of the database. Instead
# of editing this file, please use the migrations feature of Active Record to
# incrementally modify your database, and then regenerate this schema definition.
#
# This file is the source Rails uses to define your schema when running `rails
# db:schema:load`. When creating a new database, `rails db:schema:load` tends to
# be faster and is potentially less error prone than running all of your
# migrations from scratch. Old migrations may fail to apply correctly if those
# migrations use external dependencies or application code.
#
# It's strongly recommended that you check this file into your version control system.

ActiveRecord::Schema.define(version: 2020_10_23_034803) do

create_table "active_storage_attachments", options: "ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8", force: :cascade do |t|
t.string "name", null: false
t.string "record_type", null: false
t.bigint "record_id", null: false
t.bigint "blob_id", null: false
t.datetime "created_at", null: false
t.index ["blob_id"], name: "index_active_storage_attachments_on_blob_id"
t.index ["record_type", "record_id", "name", "blob_id"], name: "index_active_storage_attachments_uniqueness", unique: true
end

create_table "active_storage_blobs", options: "ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8", force: :cascade do |t|
t.string "key", null: false
t.string "filename", null: false
t.string "content_type"
t.text "metadata"
t.bigint "byte_size", null: false
t.string "checksum", null: false
t.datetime "created_at", null: false
t.index ["key"], name: "index_active_storage_blobs_on_key", unique: true
end

create_table "comments", options: "ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8", force: :cascade do |t|
t.integer "user_id", null: false
t.integer "post_id", null: false
t.string "text", null: false
t.datetime "created_at", precision: 6, null: false
t.datetime "updated_at", precision: 6, null: false
end

create_table "likes", options: "ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8", force: :cascade do |t|
t.integer "user_id"
t.integer "post_id"
t.datetime "created_at", precision: 6, null: false
t.datetime "updated_at", precision: 6, null: false
t.index ["post_id"], name: "index_likes_on_post_id"
t.index ["user_id", "post_id"], name: "index_likes_on_user_id_and_post_id", unique: true
t.index ["user_id"], name: "index_likes_on_user_id"
end

create_table "posts", options: "ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8", force: :cascade do |t|
t.string "name"
t.text "content"
t.bigint "user_id", null: false
t.datetime "created_at", precision: 6, null: false
t.datetime "updated_at", precision: 6, null: false
t.index ["user_id", "created_at"], name: "index_posts_on_user_id_and_created_at"
t.index ["user_id"], name: "index_posts_on_user_id"
end

create_table "relationships", options: "ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8", force: :cascade do |t|
t.integer "follower_id"
t.integer "followed_id"
t.datetime "created_at", precision: 6, null: false
t.datetime "updated_at", precision: 6, null: false
t.index ["followed_id"], name: "index_relationships_on_followed_id"
t.index ["follower_id", "followed_id"], name: "index_relationships_on_follower_id_and_followed_id", unique: true
t.index ["follower_id"], name: "index_relationships_on_follower_id"
end

create_table "users", options: "ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8", force: :cascade do |t|
t.string "name"
t.string "email"
t.datetime "created_at", precision: 6, null: false
t.datetime "updated_at", precision: 6, null: false
t.string "password_digest"
t.string "remember_digest"
t.boolean "admin", default: false
t.string "activation_digest"
t.boolean "activated", default: false
t.datetime "activated_at"
t.string "reset_digest"
t.datetime "reset_sent_at"
t.index ["email"], name: "index_users_on_email", unique: true
end

add_foreign_key "active_storage_attachments", "active_storage_blobs", column: "blob_id"
add_foreign_key "posts", "users"
end

[winterboum]

add_foreign_key "posts", "users"　がありますね。
これにより、user_id に値が有るだけでなく、それが実在するUserのものである、という条件が付きます。

[winterboum]

「今までは順番に依存していたテストを書いていて依存したテストを行い通っていたということなのでしょうか？」
多分そうだろうと思います。

[kei__3]

わかりました。いつもありがとうございます。
再度テストを書き直してみようと思います。

[kei__3]

実在するUserとは、let(:user) { FactoryBot.create(:user) }で作っているuserでもダメなのでしょうか。また、ランダムで実行する際このletもランダムに変化するのでしょうか。

[winterboum]

let は　userを参照する都度実行されますので、ランダムに実行する都度実行され常に新しいuserを作ります。

[kei__3]

新しいuserを作るということは、実在するuserではないということでしょうか？？また、実在するuserでない場合、RSpecでどのようにすれば実在するuserを作れるもしくは取り出すことができるでしょうか？

[winterboum]

Botの作り方によるのですが、uniqueになるべき項目が複数回letすることでuniqueにならなくなる時があります。そのときのテストはuserがnilとなってしまいます。

[kei__3]

Botのemailを同じにしていたので、sequenceを用いて、uniqueにしたのですが、ForeignKey errorが何個もでてきます。

「複数回letすることでuniqueにならなくなる時があります」
そのような場合はどのような事をすれば解消されるでしょうか。
何度も申し訳ございません。

[winterboum]

sequence　でなく、Fakerをつかってみてください

[kei__3]

Fakerを使用したのですが、変わらず、 ForeignKey errorがでてしまいます。
=====factories/user.rb======
FactoryBot.define do
factory :user do
name { "テストユーザー" }
email { Faker::Internet.email }
password { "password" }
password_confirmation { "password" }
activated { true }
end
factory :other_user, class: User do
name { "otheruser" }
email { "[e-mail]" }
password { "password" }
password_confirmation { "password" }
activated { true }
end
end

=====factories/posts.rb=====
FactoryBot.define do
factory :post do
name { 'テスト' }
content { 'テスト' }
trait :post_image do
image {
fixture_file_upload("app/assets/images/IMG_7226.PNG")
}
end
end
end

=====requests/posts_request_spec.rb======
require 'rails_helper'

RSpec.describe "Posts", type: :request do
let(:user) { FactoryBot.create(:user) }
let(:other_user) { FactoryBot.create(:other_user) }
let(:guest_user) { FactoryBot.create(:user, email: "[e-mail]") }
let(:post_image) { FactoryBot.create(:post,:post_image, user: user) }

describe "#create" do
# ログインしているユーザー
context "as an authenticated user" do
# 正常なレスポンスを返すこと
it "responds successfully" do
sign_in_as user
post posts_path, params: { post:{ post_image: post_image} }
expect(response).to be_successful
expect(response).to have_http_status "200"
end
end

# ゲストユーザーの場合
context "as an guest user" do
# 投稿できないこと
it "is can't post" do
sign_in_as guest_user
expect{
post posts_path, params: { post: post_image,user: guest_user }
}.to_not change(Post, :count)
end
end

# ログインしていないユーザー
context "as a not authenticated user" do
#ログイン画面にリダイレクトすること
it "is redirects to the login page" do
post posts_path,params: { post: post_image }
expect(response).to redirect_to login_path
end
end
end

describe "#destroy" do
# ログインしていないユーザー
context "as a not authenticated user" do
# ログイン画面にリダイレクトすること
it "is redirects to the login page" do
expect {
delete post_path(post_image)
}.to_not change(Post, :count)
expect(response).to redirect_to login_path
end
end

# アカウントが違うユーザー
context "as other user" do
# ホーム画面にリダイレクトすること
it "is redirects to the root page" do
sign_in_as other_user
expect {
delete post_path(post_image),params: {id: post_image.id}
}.to_not change(Post, :count)
expect(response).to redirect_to root_path
end
end
end
end

=====でているエラー＝＝＝＝＝
Posts #create as an authenticated user responds successfully
Failure/Error: let(:post_image) { FactoryBot.create(:post,:post_image, user: user) }

ActiveRecord::InvalidForeignKey:
Mysql2::Error: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))
# ./spec/requests/posts_request_spec.rb:7:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'
# ./spec/requests/posts_request_spec.rb:16:in `block (4 levels) in <main>'
# ------------------
# --- Caused by: ---
# Mysql2::Error:
# Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))
# ./spec/requests/posts_request_spec.rb:7:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'

9) Posts #create as an guest user is can't post
Failure/Error: let(:post_image) { FactoryBot.create(:post,:post_image, user: user) }

ActiveRecord::InvalidForeignKey:
Mysql2::Error: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))
# ./spec/requests/posts_request_spec.rb:7:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'
# ./spec/requests/posts_request_spec.rb:28:in `block (5 levels) in <main>'
# ./spec/requests/posts_request_spec.rb:27:in `block (4 levels) in <main>'
# ------------------
# --- Caused by: ---
# Mysql2::Error:
# Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))
# ./spec/requests/posts_request_spec.rb:7:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'

10) Posts #create as a not authenticated user is redirects to the login page
Failure/Error: let(:post_image) { FactoryBot.create(:post,:post_image, user: user) }

ActiveRecord::InvalidForeignKey:
Mysql2::Error: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))
# ./spec/requests/posts_request_spec.rb:7:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'
# ./spec/requests/posts_request_spec.rb:37:in `block (4 levels) in <main>'
# ------------------
# --- Caused by: ---
# Mysql2::Error:
# Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))
# ./spec/requests/posts_request_spec.rb:7:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'

11) Posts #destroy as a not authenticated user is redirects to the login page
Failure/Error: let(:post_image) { FactoryBot.create(:post,:post_image, user: user) }

ActiveRecord::InvalidForeignKey:
Mysql2::Error: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))
# ./spec/requests/posts_request_spec.rb:7:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'
# ./spec/requests/posts_request_spec.rb:49:in `block (5 levels) in <main>'
# ./spec/requests/posts_request_spec.rb:48:in `block (4 levels) in <main>'
# ------------------
# --- Caused by: ---
# Mysql2::Error:
# Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))
# ./spec/requests/posts_request_spec.rb:7:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'

12) Posts #destroy as other user is redirects to the root page
Failure/Error: let(:post_image) { FactoryBot.create(:post,:post_image, user: user) }

ActiveRecord::InvalidForeignKey:
Mysql2::Error: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))
# ./spec/requests/posts_request_spec.rb:7:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'
# ./spec/requests/posts_request_spec.rb:61:in `block (5 levels) in <main>'
# ./spec/requests/posts_request_spec.rb:60:in `block (4 levels) in <main>'
# ------------------
# --- Caused by: ---
# Mysql2::Error:
# Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))
# ./spec/requests/posts_request_spec.rb:7:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'

なにが原因でしょうか。。。。

[winterboum]

guest_user　が Fakerになってないですね

[kei__3]

=====factories/users.rb=====
FactoryBot.define do
factory :user do
name { "テストユーザー" }
email { Faker::Internet.email }
password { "password" }
password_confirmation { "password" }
activated { true }
end
factory :other_user, class: User do
name { "otheruser" }
email { Faker::Internet.email }
password { "password" }
password_confirmation { "password" }
activated { true }
end
factory :guest_user, class: User do
name { "guestuser" }
email { Faker::Internet.email }
password { "password" }
password_confirmation { "password" }
activated { true }
end
end

=====posts_request_spec.rb======
require 'rails_helper'

RSpec.describe "Posts", type: :request do
let(:user) { FactoryBot.create(:user) }
let(:other_user) { FactoryBot.create(:other_user) }
let(:guest_user) { FactoryBot.create(:guest_user) }
let(:post_image) { FactoryBot.create(:post,:post_image, user: user) }

describe "#create" do
# ログインしているユーザー
context "as an authenticated user" do
# 正常なレスポンスを返すこと
it "responds successfully" do
sign_in_as user
post posts_path, params: { post:{ post_image: post_image} }
expect(response).to be_successful
expect(response).to have_http_status "200"
end
end

# ゲストユーザーの場合
context "as an guest user" do
# 投稿できないこと
it "is can't post" do
sign_in_as guest_user
expect{
post posts_path, params: { post: post_image,user: guest_user }
}.to_not change(Post, :count)
end
end

# ログインしていないユーザー
context "as a not authenticated user" do
#ログイン画面にリダイレクトすること
it "is redirects to the login page" do
post posts_path,params: { post: post_image }
expect(response).to redirect_to login_path
end
end
end

describe "#destroy" do
# ログインしていないユーザー
context "as a not authenticated user" do
# ログイン画面にリダイレクトすること
it "is redirects to the login page" do
expect {
delete post_path(post_image)
}.to_not change(Post, :count)
expect(response).to redirect_to login_path
end
end

# アカウントが違うユーザー
context "as other user" do
# ホーム画面にリダイレクトすること
it "is redirects to the root page" do
sign_in_as other_user
expect {
delete post_path(post_image),params: {id: post_image.id}
}.to_not change(Post, :count)
expect(response).to redirect_to root_path
end
end
end
end

に変えても変化がない状態です。。。

[winterboum]

はて、何を見落としているんだろう。。。
念の為 モデル Post の関連定義質問欄の方に載せてください。
それと、エラーはPostが作れないことなので、models/post_spec.rb で試してください。
よく読むとlet(:post_image) { FactoryBot.create(:post,:post_image, user: user) }とあります。createの中の:post_image ですがこういう使い方は初めてみるのですが、合ってます？

[kei__3]

models/post_spec.rbにある
# アプリ名とオススメポイントとホーム画像があれば有効である
it "is valid with a name, content, and homeimages " do
post = FactoryBot.build(:post, :post_image, user: user)
expect(post).to be_valid
end
は成功します。

postは presence: trueのバリテーションをつけています。
ですので、spec/factories/posts.rbで
FactoryBot.define do
factory :post do
name { 'テスト' }
content { 'テスト' }
trait :post_image do
image {
fixture_file_upload("app/assets/images/IMG_7226.PNG")
}
end
end
end
このように定義して、その画像を使えるようにしているつもりです。

[winterboum]

trait :post_image　見落としてました
models/post_spec.rb　は通ってるか。。。
するとspec/controllersの問題ですね
post posts_path, params: { post:{ post_image: post_image} }
が怪しいか。
ああ、　POST のrequestのパラメーターの形になっていないですね。
ここは post: {name: ”名前”,comment: "content", user_id: user.id}
の形式が必要です。ここでuser_idが指定されていないのが原因でしょう。

[kei__3]

ありがとうございます。
post posts_path, params: {post: { name: "テスト", content: "テスト", user_id: user.id } }とすると、ForeignKey errorが消えました。(別のエラーになりました)

postのrequestパラメーターの形式というのはどのように判断すれば良いのでしょうか。他のrequestspecに役立てたいです。

また、deleteの時の形式の判断方法も知りたいです。

[winterboum]

ブラウザーでpostして、そのlogを見ればわかります。

別のエラーは「validates :image, presence:true」からみですね。

[kei__3]

別のエラーは
9) Posts #create as an authenticated user responds successfully
Failure/Error: expect(response).to be_successful
expected `#<ActionDispatch::TestResponse:0x00007ffff1c4d9e0 @mon_data=#<Monitor:0x00007ffff1c4d990>, @mon_data_..., @method=nil, @request_method=nil, @remote_ip=nil, @original_fullpath=nil, @fullpath=nil, @ip=nil>>.successful?` to be truthy, got false
# ./spec/requests/posts_request_spec.rb:17:in `block (4 levels) in <main>'

10) Posts #create as an guest user is can't post
Failure/Error:
expect{
post posts_path, params: {post: { name: "テスト", content: "テスト", user_id: user.id } }
}.to_not change(Post, :count)

expected `Post.count` not to have changed, but did change from 2028 to 0
等です。

Started DELETE "/posts/8" for ::1 at 2020-11-06 14:30:16 +0900
(0.5ms) SET NAMES utf8, @@SESSION.sql_mode = 'TRADITIONAL', @@SESSION.sql_auto_is_null = 0, @@SESSION.wait_timeout = 2147483
Processing by PostsController#destroy as HTML
Parameters: {"authenticity_token"=>"B4wFcFPTQsCTua87VMPe+PM1uq+El+wZ1ZtlTnM6vW0ckMKhZ8dWG5+UkCOC0FKTksyiejUCRvGmnXWk964kSQ==", "id"=>"8"}

ブラウザでdeleteした際のlogなのですが、
ForeignKey errorがでてしまいます。

describe "#destroy" do
# ログインしていないユーザー
context "as a not authenticated user" do
# ログイン画面にリダイレクトすること
it "is redirects to the login page" do
expect {
delete post_path(post_image),params: {id: post_image.id,user_id: user.id}
}.to_not change(Post, :count)
expect(response).to redirect_to login_path
end
end
形が間違っているでしょうか。

[winterboum]

どの foreign keyか言ってない？

[kei__3]

user_idだと思います。

11) Posts #destroy as a not authenticated user is redirects to the login page
Failure/Error: let(:post_image) { FactoryBot.create(:post,:post_image, user: user) }

ActiveRecord::InvalidForeignKey:
Mysql2::Error: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))
# ./spec/requests/posts_request_spec.rb:7:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'
# ./spec/requests/posts_request_spec.rb:49:in `block (5 levels) in <main>'
# ./spec/requests/posts_request_spec.rb:48:in `block (4 levels) in <main>'
# ------------------
# --- Caused by: ---
# Mysql2::Error:
# Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`viewhome_test`.`posts`, CONSTRAINT `fk_rails_5b5ddfd518` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`))
# ./spec/requests/posts_request_spec.rb:7:in `block (2 levels) in <main>'

[winterboum]

話が矛盾してるんで疲れます。
「ブラウザでdeleteした際のlogなのですが、ForeignKey errorがでてしまいます。」
に対して「どの foreign keyか言ってない？」と聞いた答えが
なぜ、rspecの情報が出てくるの？

[kei__3]

申し訳ございません。

上記がブラウザでdeleteした際のlog

そのlogを見てspecを書いたのですが、エラーがでてしまうという意味でした。
ですので、rspecの事だと思いました。失礼致しました。

[winterboum]

「上記がブラウザでdeleteした際のlog」にはエラーが出てませんが。

[kei__3]

でていないです。私の言い方が悪かったです。申し訳ありません。

[winterboum]

deleteのrspecでforeign　keyのエラーが出ているのは、削除するpostをcreateしている時ですから、そこ確認してみて。

[kei__3]

ありがとうございます。
let(:post_image) { FactoryBot.create(:post,:post_image, user: user,user_id:user.id) }にしたり、userを作っておくために、let!(:user) { FactoryBot.create(:user) }、postのfactoriesに関連付けるために、
factories/posts.rbを
FactoryBot.define do
factory :post do
user
name { 'テスト' }
content { 'テスト' }
trait :post_image do
image {
fixture_file_upload("app/assets/images/IMG_7226.PNG")
}
end
end
end
等にしましたが変わらない状態です。。。

また、テストの順序を固定して解決していこうと思い、rspec --seed 46598 としているのですが、この場合でも、foreign keyエラーがでたり、でなかったりします。。