SQLSTATE[23000]: Integrity constraint violation: 1062 Duplicate entry '0' for key 'PRIMARY'エラーの解決方法

実現したいこと

Laravelのfactoryを使ったテストコードを記述したら、エラーが生じた。
テストコードが通るようにしたい。

前提

Laravelのfactoryを使って、テストをコード書いた際に下記のエラーが生じた。
・setUp内の変数は別のテストコードで使用している。
・testJobAssertStatusWithNoImageJobOffer内で使うComInfoモデルのデータを定義したい。

発生している問題・エラーメッセージ

1) Tests\Feature\Http\Controllers\Main\JobListControllerTest::testJobAssertStatusWithNoImageDentalStyleJobOffer
Illuminate\Database\QueryException: SQLSTATE[23000]: Integrity constraint violation: 1062 Duplicate entry '0' for key 'PRIMARY' (SQL: insert into `city_infos` (`prefecture_id`, `city_cd`, `prefecture_name`, `city_name`, `prefecture_name_rome`, `city_name_rome`, `updated_at`, `created_at`) values (7, 230, Larrymouth, West Easterland, totam, eum, 2022-01-24 19:06:23, 2023-02-03 18:04:00))

該当のソースコード

テストコード

PHP
1<?php
2
3namespace Tests\Feature\Http\Controllers\Main;
4use App\CityInfo;
5use App\ComInfo;
6use App\ComJob;
7use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\DatabaseTransactions;
8use Tests\TestCase;
9use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
10
11/**
12 * @runTestsInSeparateProcesses
13 * @preserveGlobalState disabled
14 */
15class JobListControllerTest extends TestCase
16{
17    use DatabaseTransactions;
18    use HasFactory;
19
20    private $job;
21
22    public function setUp(): void
23    {
24        parent::setUp();
25
26        $this->job = ComJob::factory()
27            ->valid()
28            ->create([
29                'comid' => ComInfo::factory()
30                    ->valid()
31                    ->create([
32                        'city_cd' => CityInfo::factory()
33                    ]),
34                'state' => 1,
35            ]);
36    }
37
38    /**
39     * @group http
40     * @group JoblList@job
41     */
42    public function testJobAssertStatusWithNoImageJobOffer()
43    {
44        $job_no_image = ComJob::factory()
45        ->valid()
46        ->create([
47            'comid' => ComInfo::factory()
48                ->valid()
49                ->create([
50                    'city_cd' => CityInfo::factory(),
51                    'photourl' => '',
52                    'device_photo_1' => null,
53                    'device_photo_2' => null,
54                    'device_photo_3' => null,
55                    'device_photo_4' => null,
56                    'device_photo_5' => null,
57                    'device_photo_6' => null,
58                    'device_photo_7' => null,
59                    'device_photo_8' => null,
60                    'device_photo_9' => null,
61                    'device_photo_10' => null,
62                    'device_photo_11' => null,
63                    'device_photo_12' => null,
64                    'device_photo_13' => null,
65                    'device_photo_14' => null,
66                ]),
67            'state' => 1,
68        ]);
69        $response = $this->get('/joblist/' . $job_no_image->id);
70        $response->assertStatus(200);
71    }
72}

モデル

PHP
1<?php
2
3namespace App;
4
5use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
6use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
7
8/**
9 *  市区町村一覧
10 */
11class CityInfo extends Model
12{
13    protected $fillable = [
14        'id',                       // 都道府県id+市区町村id
15        'prefecture_id',            // 都道府県id
16        'prefecture',               // 都道府県
17        'city_id',                  // 市区町村id
18        'prefecture_name',          // 都道府県名
19        'city_name',                // 市区町村名
20        'prefecture_name_rome',     // 都道府県名ローマ字
21        'city_name_rome',           // 市区町村名ローマ字
22        'updated_at',               // 更新日時
23    ];
24
25    public static function getCitylist()
26    {
27        $city_list = DB::table('city_infos')
28                        ->select(
29                            'city_name',
30                            'id',
31                            'prefecture_id',
32                            'city_name',
33                            'city_name_rome'
34                        )
35                        ->orderBy('city_infos.id', 'asc');
36
37        return $city_list;
38    }
39
40    public static function getCityname()
41    {
42        $city_name = DB::table('city_infos')
43                    ->select('city_name')
44                    ->orderBy('city_infos.id', 'asc');
45
46        return $city_name;
47    }
48
49    public static function getPagetitleCityNames($url_parameter_city_names)
50    {
51        $pagetitle_city_names = '';
52        $city_names = explode('_', $url_parameter_city_names);
53        $city_names = DB::table('city_infos')
54        ->select('city_name')
55        ->whereIn('city_name_rome', $city_names)
56        ->get()->values()->all();
57        foreach ($city_names as $city_name) {
58            $pagetitle_city_names .= '/' .$city_name->city_name;
59        }
60        return $pagetitle_city_names;
61    }
62
63    public static function getIdAndCityNameAndCityNameRomeWhereByPrefectureId(int $id)
64    {
65        return self::select(
66            'id',
67            'city_name',
68            'city_name_rome'
69        )
70                    ->where('prefecture_id', $id)
71                    ->get();
72    }
73
74    public static function getIdWherePrefectureIdAndWhereCityNameRomeLikeFirst(int $prefecture_id, string $city_name)
75    {
76        return self::select('id')
77            ->where('prefecture_id', $prefecture_id)
78            ->where('city_name_rome', 'like', $city_name . '%')
79            ->first();
80    }
81
82    public static function getIdWherePrefectureId(int $id)
83    {
84        return self::select('id')
85            ->where('prefecture_id', $id)
86            ->get();
87    }
88
89    /**
90     * @param int $prefecture_id
91     *
92     * @return object
93    */
94    public static function wherePrefectureId(int $prefecture_id)
95    {
96        return self::where('prefecture_id', $prefecture_id)
97            ->get();
98    }
99}
100

マイグレーションファイル

PHP
1<?php
2
3use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
4use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
5
6class CreateCityInfosTable extends Migration
7{
8    /**
9     * Run the migrations.
10     *
11     * @return void
12     */
13    public function up()
14    {
15        Schema::create('city_infos', function (Blueprint $table) {
16            $table->integer('id')->unsigned()->primary();
17            $table->boolean('prefecture_id')->index('prefecture_id_idx')->comment('都道府県ID');
18            $table->integer('city_cd')->unsigned()->comment('市区町村コード');
19            $table->string('prefecture_name')->comment('都道府県名');
20            $table->string('city_name')->comment('市区町村名');
21            $table->string('prefecture_name_rome')->comment('都道府県名 ローマ字表記');
22            $table->string('city_name_rome')->comment('市区町村名 ローマ字表記');
23            $table->timestamps();
24        });
25    }
26
27
28    /**
29     * Reverse the migrations.
30     *
31     * @return void
32     */
33    public function down()
34    {
35        Schema::drop('city_infos');
36    }
37}

試したこと

主キー制約の重複によって引き起こされているので、CityInfoFactoryクラスのid（主キー）にuniqueメソッドを追加。

PHP
1
2<?php
3
4namespace Database\Factories;
5
6use App\CityInfo;
7use Faker\Generator as Faker;
8use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory;
9
10class CityInfoFactory extends Factory
11{
12    protected $model = CityInfo::class;
13
14    public function definition()
15    {
16        return [
17        'id' => $this->faker->unique()->numberBetween(1, 10000),
18        'prefecture_id' => $this->faker->numberBetween(1, 47),
19        'city_cd' => $this->faker->numberBetween(100, 699),
20        'prefecture_name' => $this->faker->city,
21        'city_name' => $this->faker->city,
22        'prefecture_name_rome' => $this->faker->word,
23        'city_name_rome' => $this->faker->word,
24        'updated_at' => $this->faker->dateTime(),
25        ];
26    }
27}

テストは通らずに下記のエラーが発生

[previous exception] [object] (ErrorException(code: 0): Attempt to read property \"id\" on null at /var/www/storage/framework/views/fccee8ff7ff1b2984c57e75f46f03b88bf2d6d20.php:117)

補足情報（FW/ツールのバージョンなど）

環境：PHP 8.1、Laravel8
テストフレームワーク　PHPUnit

何かご助言頂けますと幸いです。

行動規範の内容に同意します

回答1件

ベストアンサー

diff
1
2    public function definition()
3    {
4        return [
5-        'id' => $this->faker->unique()->numberBetween(1, 10000),
6        'prefecture_id' => $this->faker->numberBetween(1, 47),
7        'city_cd' => $this->faker->numberBetween(100, 699),
8        'prefecture_name' => $this->faker->city,
9        'city_name' => $this->faker->city,
10        'prefecture_name_rome' => $this->faker->word,
11        'city_name_rome' => $this->faker->word,
12        'updated_at' => $this->faker->dateTime(),
13        ];
14    }