railssでの本番環境でのエラーについて

Question

railsでサイトを製作中です。

http://localhost:3000/
でローカルでのサイトの立ち上げはできます。
ちゃんとサイトの画面が表示されています。

しかしheroku open
した時、本番環境では

Application error
An error occurred in the application and your page could not be served. If you are the application owner, check your logs for details. You can do this from the Heroku CLI with the command
heroku logs --tail

というエラーが画面に出ます。
heroku logs --tailでログを確認したときのものが下記です。

heroku run condoleしてもなぜかログが出てこず
irb(main):001:0>
と出てくるので調べようがありません。

2022-09-01T10:11:14.147283+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/zeitwerk-2.6.0/lib/zeitwerk/loader.rb:239:in `block (2 levels) in eager_load'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147285+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/zeitwerk-2.6.0/lib/zeitwerk/loader/helpers.rb:41:in `block in ls'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147293+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/zeitwerk-2.6.0/lib/zeitwerk/loader/helpers.rb:27:in `each'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147294+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/zeitwerk-2.6.0/lib/zeitwerk/loader/helpers.rb:27:in `ls'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147302+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/zeitwerk-2.6.0/lib/zeitwerk/loader.rb:234:in `block in eager_load'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147303+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/zeitwerk-2.6.0/lib/zeitwerk/loader.rb:219:in `synchronize'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147310+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/zeitwerk-2.6.0/lib/zeitwerk/loader.rb:219:in `eager_load'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147311+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/zeitwerk-2.6.0/lib/zeitwerk/loader.rb:318:in `each'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147318+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/zeitwerk-2.6.0/lib/zeitwerk/loader.rb:318:in `eager_load_all'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147319+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/railties-6.1.6.1/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:133:in `block in <module:Finisher>'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147320+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/railties-6.1.6.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:32:in `instance_exec'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147328+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/railties-6.1.6.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:32:in `run'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147329+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/railties-6.1.6.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:61:in `block in run_initializers'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147337+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/ruby-3.1.2/lib/ruby/3.1.0/tsort.rb:228:in `block in tsort_each'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147337+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/ruby-3.1.2/lib/ruby/3.1.0/tsort.rb:350:in `block (2 levels) in each_strongly_connected_component'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147339+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/ruby-3.1.2/lib/ruby/3.1.0/tsort.rb:431:in `each_strongly_connected_component_from'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147347+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/ruby-3.1.2/lib/ruby/3.1.0/tsort.rb:349:in `block in each_strongly_connected_component'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147348+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/ruby-3.1.2/lib/ruby/3.1.0/tsort.rb:347:in `each'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147350+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/ruby-3.1.2/lib/ruby/3.1.0/tsort.rb:347:in `call'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147357+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/ruby-3.1.2/lib/ruby/3.1.0/tsort.rb:347:in `each_strongly_connected_component'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147358+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/ruby-3.1.2/lib/ruby/3.1.0/tsort.rb:226:in `tsort_each'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147366+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/ruby-3.1.2/lib/ruby/3.1.0/tsort.rb:205:in `tsort_each'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147366+00:00 app[web.1]: from 

Comments

[Jdbz]

/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/railties-6.1.6.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:60:in `run_initializers'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147368+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/railties-6.1.6.1/lib/rails/application.rb:391:in `initialize!'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147377+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/config/environment.rb:5:in `<main>'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147377+00:00 app[web.1]: from config.ru:3:in `require_relative'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147379+00:00 app[web.1]: from config.ru:3:in `block in <main>'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147387+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/rack-2.2.4/lib/rack/builder.rb:116:in `eval'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147387+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/rack-2.2.4/lib/rack/builder.rb:116:in `new_from_string'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147395+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/rack-2.2.4/lib/rack/builder.rb:105:in `load_file'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147396+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/rack-2.2.4/lib/rack/builder.rb:66:in `parse_file'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147404+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/rack-2.2.4/lib/rack/server.rb:349:in `build_app_and_options_from_config'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147404+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/rack-2.2.4/lib/rack/server.rb:249:in `app'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147412+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/rack-2.2.4/lib/rack/server.rb:422:in `wrapped_app'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147413+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/rack-2.2.4/lib/rack/server.rb:312:in `block in start'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147414+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/rack-2.2.4/lib/rack/server.rb:379:in `handle_profiling'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147422+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/rack-2.2.4/lib/rack/server.rb:311:in `start'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147422+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/railties-6.1.6.1/lib/rails/commands/server/server_command.rb:39:in `start'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147430+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/railties-6.1.6.1/lib/rails/commands/server/server_command.rb:144:in `block in perform'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147431+00:00 app[web.1]: from <internal:kernel>:90:in `tap'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147438+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/railties-6.1.6.1/lib/rails/commands/server/server_command.rb:135:in `perform'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147439+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/thor-1.2.1/lib/thor/command.rb:27:in `run'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147441+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/thor-1.2.1/lib/thor/invocation.rb:127:in `invoke_command'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147448+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/thor-1.2.1/lib/thor.rb:392:in `dispatch'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147449+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/railties-6.1.6.1/lib/rails/command/base.rb:69:in `perform'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147456+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/railties-6.1.6.1/lib/rails/command.rb:48:in `invoke'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147457+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/railties-6.1.6.1/lib/rails/commands.rb:18:in `<main>'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147459+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/bootsnap-1.13.0/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:32:in `require'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147466+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/bootsnap-1.13.0/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:32:in `require'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.147467+00:00 app[web.1]: from bin/rails:5:in `<main>'
2022-09-01T10:11:14.311498+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 1
2022-09-01T10:11:14.375343+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to crashed
2022-09-01T10:11:46.000000+00:00 app[api]: Build started by user
2022-09-01T10:13:07.246086+00:00 app[api]: Deploy ff220467 by user
2022-09-01T10:13:07.246086+00:00 app[api]: Release v10 created by user
2022-09-01T10:13:07.449920+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from crashed to starting
2022-09-01T10:13:12.000000+00:00 app[api]: Build succeeded
2022-09-01T10:13:13.876465+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command `bin/rails server -p ${PORT:-5000} -e production`
2022-09-01T10:13:17.289180+00:00 app[web.1]: => Booting Puma
2022-09-01T10:13:17.289195+00:00 app[web.1]: => Rails 6.1.6.1 application starting in production
2022-09-01T10:13:17.289195+00:00 app[web.1]: => Run `bin/rails server --help` for more startup options
2022-09-01T10:13:18.629332+00:00 app[web.1]: Puma starting in single mode...
2022-09-01T10:13:18.629346+00:00 app[web.1]: * Version 3.12.6 (ruby 3.1.2-p20), codename: Llamas in Pajamas
2022-09-01T10:16:37.814850+00:00 heroku[router]: at=error code=H10 desc="App crashed" method=GET path="/favicon.ico" host=stark-temple-03312.herokuapp.com request_id=f3c40702-7c75-4141-ab85-83e2e6b98747 fwd="126.95.114.152" dyno= connect= service= status=503 bytes= protocol=https
2022-09-01T10:20:52.737376+00:00 app[web.1]: => Booting Puma
2022-09-01T10:20:52.737420+00:00 app[web.1]: => Rails 6.1.6.1 application starting in production
2022-09-01T10:20:52.737421+00:00 app[web.1]: => Run `bin/rails server --help` for more startup options
2022-09-01T10:20:53.776022+00:00 app[web.1]: Puma starting in single mode...
2022-09-01T10:20:53.776041+00:00 app[web.1]: * Version 3.12.6 (ruby 3.1.2-p20), codename: Llamas in Pajamas
2022-09-01T10:20:53.776042+00:00 app[web.1]: * Min threads: 5, max threads: 5
2022-09-01T10:20:53.776042+00:00 app[web.1]: * Environment: production
2022-09-01T10:20:53.776043+00:00 app[web.1]: * Daemonizing...
2022-09-01T10:20:53.915415+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 0
2022-09-01T10:20:54.015332+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to crashed
2022-09-01T10:20:54.023379+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from crashed to starting
2022-09-01T10:21:00.526483+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command `bin/rails server -p ${PORT:-5000} -e production`
2022-09-01T10:21:03.516825+00:00 app[web.1]: => Booting Puma
2022-09-01T10:21:03.516842+00:00 app[web.1]: => Rails 6.1.6.1 application starting in production
2022-09-01T10:21:03.516843+00:00 app[web.1]: => Run `bin/rails server --help` for more startup options
2022-09-01T10:21:04.600300+00:00 app[web.1]: Puma starting in single mode...
2022-09-01T10:21:04.600347+00:00 app[web.1]: * Version 3.12.6 (ruby 3.1.2-p20), codename: Llamas in Pajamas
2022-09-01T10:21:04.600348+00:00 app[web.1]: * Min threads: 5, max threads: 5
2022-09-01T10:21:04.600348+00:00 app[web.1]: * Environment: production
2022-09-01T10:21:04.600349+00:00 app[web.1]: * Daemonizing...
2022-09-01T10:21:04.803779+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 0
2022-09-01T10:21:04.866435+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to crashed
2022-09-01T10:21:07.247663+00:00 heroku[router]: at=error code=H10 desc="App crashed" method=GET path="/" host=stark-temple-03312.herokuapp.com request_id=d4b9a993-4d48-4582-b845-b00f9b48c278 fwd="126.95.114.152" dyno= connect= service= status=503 bytes= protocol=https
2022-09-01T10:21:07.566710+00:00 heroku[router]: at=error code=H10 desc="App crashed" method=GET path="/favicon.ico" host=stark-temple-03312.herokuapp.com request_id=7a3570a9-2ef9-49af-aa0f-8ecfec95fd6f fwd="126.95.114.152" dyno= connect= service= status=503 bytes= protocol=https

ログの続きです。

Answer 1

zeitwerk でエラーが出ているので、ファイル名とクラス名が一致していない可能性が高いと思います。

例えば、
app/models/user.rb には User というクラス（またはモジュール）を定義する必要がありますし、
app/models/x/y/z.rb には X::Y::Z というクラス（またはモジュール）が必要です。

以下のコマンドで、ファイル名とクラス名が一致していないものを検出できます。
試してみてください。

bin/rails zeitwerk:check

--

ローカルでのサイトの立ち上げはできます。

しかしheroku open した時、本番環境では
・・・
というエラーが画面に出ます。

開発環境では動作に必要な最低限のファイルしか読み込まないので、おかしなファイルが紛れていても、それを使わなければエラーになりません。

一方、本番環境ではすべてのファイルを事前に読み込むため、一つでもおかしなファイルがあればエラーになります。