bundle installでエラーとなる

Question

環境

WSL2にubuntu20.04.5LTS
rubyのベースイメージ　ruby:alpine3.16

gemfile

source "https://rubygems.org"
git_source(:github) { |repo| "https://github.com/#{repo}.git" }
gem 'rails', '~> 7.0', '>= 7.0.4'

実現したいこと

docker でruby3.0以上rails7.0以上の環境を構築したい

発生している問題・エラーメッセージ

bundle install時のエラーが

Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/...........

Installing websocket-driver 0.7.5 with native extensions
Installing racc 1.6.0 with native extensions
Installing nio4r 2.5.8 with native extensions
Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /usr/local/bundle/gems/racc-1.6.0/ext/racc/cparse
/usr/local/bin/ruby -I /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0 -r ./siteconf20221023-10158-pz1jhy.rb extconf.rb
checking for rb_block_call()... *** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
        --with-opt-dir
        --without-opt-dir
        --with-opt-include
        --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
        --with-opt-lib
        --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
        --with-make-prog
        --without-make-prog
        --srcdir=.
        --curdir
        --ruby=/usr/local/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
/usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/mkmf.rb:471:in `try_do': The compiler failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError)
You have to install development tools first.
        from /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/mkmf.rb:564:in `try_link0'
        from /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/mkmf.rb:582:in `try_link'
        from /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/mkmf.rb:794:in `try_func'
        from /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/mkmf.rb:1083:in `block in have_func'
        from /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/mkmf.rb:971:in `block in checking_for'
        from /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/mkmf.rb:361:in `block (2 levels) in postpone'
        from /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/mkmf.rb:331:in `open'
        from /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/mkmf.rb:361:in `block in postpone'
        from /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/mkmf.rb:331:in `open'
        from /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/mkmf.rb:357:in `postpone'
        from /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/mkmf.rb:970:in `checking_for'
        from /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/mkmf.rb:1082:in `have_func'
        from extconf.rb:6:in `<main>'

To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:

  /usr/local/bundle/extensions/x86_64-linux-musl/3.0.0/racc-1.6.0/mkmf.log

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /usr/local/bundle/gems/racc-1.6.0 for inspection.
Results logged to /usr/local/bundle/extensions/x86_64-linux-musl/3.0.0/racc-1.6.0/gem_make.out

  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:93:in `run'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/rubygems/ext/ext_conf_builder.rb:47:in `block in build'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/tempfile.rb:317:in `open'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/rubygems/ext/ext_conf_builder.rb:26:in `build'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:159:in `build_extension'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:193:in `block in build_extensions'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:190:in `each'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:190:in `build_extensions'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/rubygems/installer.rb:837:in `build_extensions'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/rubygems_gem_installer.rb:71:in `build_extensions'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/rubygems_gem_installer.rb:28:in `install'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/source/rubygems.rb:204:in `install'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb:54:in `install'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb:16:in `install_from_spec'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb:186:in `do_install'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb:177:in `block in worker_pool'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/worker.rb:62:in `apply_func'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/worker.rb:57:in `block in process_queue'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/worker.rb:54:in `loop'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/worker.rb:54:in `process_queue'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/worker.rb:91:in `block (2 levels) in create_threads'

An error occurred while installing racc (1.6.0), and Bundler cannot continue.

In Gemfile:
  rails was resolved to 7.0.4, which depends on
    actioncable was resolved to 7.0.4, which depends on
      actionpack was resolved to 7.0.4, which depends on
        actionview was resolved to 7.0.4, which depends on
          rails-dom-testing was resolved to 2.0.3, which depends on
            nokogiri was resolved to 1.13.9, which depends on
              racc


Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /usr/local/bundle/gems/websocket-driver-0.7.5/ext/websocket-driver
/usr/local/bin/ruby -I /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0 -r ./siteconf20221023-10158-di60ku.rb extconf.rb
creating Makefile

current directory: /usr/local/bundle/gems/websocket-driver-0.7.5/ext/websocket-driver
make DESTDIR\= clean
current directory: /usr/local/bundle/gems/websocket-driver-0.7.5/ext/websocket-driver
make DESTDIR\=
make failedNo such file or directory - make

Gem files will remain installed in /usr/local/bundle/gems/websocket-driver-0.7.5 for inspection.
Results logged to /usr/local/bundle/extensions/x86_64-linux-musl/3.0.0/websocket-driver-0.7.5/gem_make.out

  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:74:in `rescue in run'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:73:in `run'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:44:in `block in make'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:36:in `each'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:36:in `make'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/rubygems/ext/ext_conf_builder.rb:63:in `block in build'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/tempfile.rb:317:in `open'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/rubygems/ext/ext_conf_builder.rb:26:in `build'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:159:in `build_extension'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:193:in `block in build_extensions'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:190:in `each'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:190:in `build_extensions'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/rubygems/installer.rb:837:in `build_extensions'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/rubygems_gem_installer.rb:71:in `build_extensions'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/rubygems_gem_installer.rb:28:in `install'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/source/rubygems.rb:204:in `install'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb:54:in `install'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb:16:in `install_from_spec'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb:186:in `do_install'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb:177:in `block in worker_pool'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/worker.rb:62:in `apply_func'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/worker.rb:57:in `block in process_queue'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/worker.rb:54:in `loop'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/worker.rb:54:in `process_queue'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/3.0.0/bundler/worker.rb:91:in `block (2 levels) in create_threads'

An error occurred while installing websocket-driver (0.7.5), and Bundler cannot continue.

In Gemfile:
  rails was resolved to 7.0.4, which depends on
    actioncable was resolved to 7.0.4, which depends on
      websocket-driver

エラーメッセージを

書いてあることを読む限り、

Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

An error occurred while installing racc (1.6.0), and Bundler cannot continue.



An error occurred while installing websocket-driver (0.7.5), and Bundler cannot continue.

主にこの３つが原因ぽい。

native extensionはgemが依存しているCなどで書かれたライブラリーのことらしい。

始めは

An error occurred while installing nio4r (2.5.8), and Bundler cannot continue.

というエラーも出ていたのですが
いろいろ調べているとruby-devをインストールするといいらしいので、

apk add --upgrade ruby-dev

を実行するとしたら消えました。

ここから詰まったのでエラーになっているgemを単体でインストールしてみましたが、エラー文は同じでした。

一応

/app # cat  /usr/local/bundle/extensions/x86_64-linux-musl/3.0.0/racc-1.6.0/mkmf.log
"gcc -o conftest -I/usr/local/include/ruby-3.0.0/x86_64-linux-musl -I/usr/local/include/ruby-3.0.0/ruby/backward -I/usr/local/include/ruby-3.0.0 -I.    -O3 -ggdb3 -Wall -Wextra -Wdeprecated-declarations -Wduplicated-cond -Wimplicit-function-declaration -Wimplicit-int -Wmisleading-indentation -Wpointer-arith -Wwrite-strings -Wimplicit-fallthrough=0 -Wmissing-noreturn -Wno-cast-function-type -Wno-constant-logical-operand -Wno-long-long -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wno-overlength-strings -Wno-packed-bitfield-compat -Wno-parentheses-equality -Wno-self-assign -Wno-tautological-compare -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-unused-value -Wsuggest-attribute=format -Wsuggest-attribute=noreturn -Wunused-variable  -fPIC conftest.c  -L. -L/usr/local/lib -Wl,-rpath,/usr/local/lib -L. -fstack-protector-strong -rdynamic -Wl,-export-dynamic -Wl,--no-as-needed     -Wl,-rpath,/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib -lruby  -lm   -lc"
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include "ruby.h"
2: 
3: int main(int argc, char **argv)
4: {
5:   return !!argv[argc];
6: }
/* end */

ログを確認しましたが、ここから何かがわかるとは思えないので詰まっています。
(xcodeの解決策ばっかり出てくる)

Answer 1

failedNo such file or directory - make

というエラーメッセジがあったのでmakeコマンド用のbinファイルがないのではないかと思って調べていたら、
alpineには基本コマンドが最低限しか入っていないことは知っていたがmakeすらなかったらしい。

他にも記事を調べていくと
gccなども一緒にインストールしているものがあり、

/app # cat  /usr/local/bundle/extensions/x86_64-linux-musl/3.0.0/racc-1.6.0/mkmf.log
"gcc -o conftest -I/usr/local/include/ruby-3.0.0/x86_64-linux-musl -I/usr/local/include/ruby-3.0.0/ruby/backward -I/usr/local/include/ruby-3.0.0 -I....

とログに明らかにgccを使っていそうな場所があったので

apk install make gcc

を実行した。

次にログに

/usr/local/include/ruby-3.0.0/ruby/defines.h:16:10: fatal error: stdio.h: No such file or directory
   16 | #include <stdio.h>
      |          ^~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include "ruby.h"
2: 
3: int main(int argc, char **argv)
4: {
5:   return !!argv[argc];
6: }
/* end */

というエラーが新しく出るようになったので、
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19580758/gcc-fatal-error-stdio-h-no-such-file-or-directory

ここを参考に

apk add libc-dev

をインストールしたら
bundle install通りました。

alpineでインストール環境を構築するときは要注意。
まとめとして

apk add --upgrade ruby-dev make gcc libc-dev

をDockerfileに追記すれば動くはず。