Laravelのテストで日付のフォーマットが変わってしまう理由

Question

下記コードで日付をcreated_at, updated_atに代入した時に1971-12-13 23:16:32から1971-12-13T23:16:32.000000Zに変わってしまっているのはなぜでしょうか？

$expected_data = $designers->map(function ($designer) {
            return [
                'id' => $designer->id,
                'name' => $designer->name,
                'taxonomy' => $designer->taxonomy,
                'created_at' => $designer->created_at,
                'updated_at' => $designer->updated_at
            ];
        })->all();

// ./vendor/bin/phpunit --textdox
Feature\DesignerApi
 ✘ Should 正しい構造のJSONを返却する
   │
   │ Unable to find JSON fragment: 
   │ 
   │ [[{"created_at":"1971-12-13T23:16:32.000000Z","id":1,"name":"Abe Heaney III","taxonomy":"1","updated_at":"1981-08-03T05:06:54.000000Z"}]]
   │ 
   │ within
   │ 
   │ [[{"created_at":"1971-12-13 23:16:32","id":1,"name":"Abe Heaney III","taxonomy":"1","updated_at":"1981-08-03 05:06:54"},{"created_at":"1988-11-07 23:52:18","id":5,"name":"Rory Breitenberg","taxonomy":"3","updated_at":"2014-03-30 23:21:58"},{"created_at":"2001-01-17 15:30:48","id":4,"name":"Mandy Kovacek IV","taxonomy":"3","updated_at":"1986-10-14 12:17:57"},{"created_at":"2004-01-22 21:47:16","id":3,"name":"Paris O'Connell","taxonomy":"1","updated_at":"1983-10-13 12:08:16"},{"created_at":"2006-11-21 03:53:56","id":2,"name":"Clotilde Rowe","taxonomy":"3","updated_at":"2017-01-23 03:31:13"}]].
   │ Failed asserting that false is true.
   │ 
   │

コード

// DesignerApiTest.php

namespace Tests\Feature;

use App\User;
use App\Designer;
use App\DesignerTaxonomy;
use Tests\TestCase;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\WithFaker;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;

class DesignerApiTest extends TestCase
{
    use RefreshDatabase;

    public function setUp(): void
    {
        parent::setUp();

        $this->user = factory(User::class)->create();
    }

    /**
     * @test
     */
    public function should_正しい構造のJSONを返却する()
    {
        // 5つのデザイナーデータを生成する
        factory(Designer::class, 5)->create();

        $response = $this->actingAs($this->user)
            ->json('GET', route('designer.index'));

        $designers = Designer::all();

        $expected_data = $designers->map(function ($designer) {
            return [
                'id' => $designer->id,
                'name' => $designer->name,
                'taxonomy' => $designer->taxonomy,
                'created_at' => $designer->created_at,
                'updated_at' => $designer->updated_at
            ];
        })->all();

        $response->assertStatus(200)
            ->assertJsonCount(5);
        $response->assertJsonFragment($expected_data);

    }

}

// DesignerFactory.php
 
use App\Designer;
use Illuminate\Support\Str;
use Faker\Generator as Faker;

$factory->define(Designer::class, function (Faker $faker) {
    return [
        'name' => $faker->name,
        'taxonomy' => rand(0, 3),
        'created_at' => $faker->dateTime(),
        'updated_at' => $faker->dateTIme(),
    ];
});

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Designer;
use App\DesignerTaxonomy;
use App\Http\Requests\CreateDesigner;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;

class DesignerController extends Controller
{
    protected $hidden = [
        'created_at', 'updated_at'
    ];

    public function __construct()
    {
        // 認証が必要
        $this->middleware('auth');
    }

    public function index()
    {
        $designers = Designer::all();

        return response($designers, 200);
    }

}

Comments

[m.ts10806]

PHPマニュアルのDateTimeクラスは確認されました？

[nanami12]

こちらを　参照してください
https://qiita.com/kidatti/items/272eb962b5e6025fc51e

Answer 1

$designer->updated_at は、Carbon インスタンスになっている事はご存じでしょうか？
https://readouble.com/laravel/6.x/ja/eloquent-mutators.html#date-mutators

その Carbon インスタンスが、json_encode() される事によって、「1971-12-13T23:16:32.000000Z」という形になっています。

一方、レスポンスの方の Eloquentモデルは、json_encode() される前に、->toArray() されますので、その toArray() の課程で、created_at は、
Carbon インスタンスから、DB に保存されていた形に戻されますので、結果「1971-12-13 23:16:32」という形になります。

dump($blog->created_at);
dump(json_encode($blog->created_at));
dump(json_encode($blog->toArray()['created_at']));
などして、確認されると分かり易いかも知れません。

Comments

[bws]

非常に丁寧に説明していただいてありがとうございました。