回答編集履歴
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トリガーのサンプルを追記
test
CHANGED
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@@ -13,3 +13,81 @@
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■ 複数行のデータを処理するための DML トリガーの作成
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[https://docs.microsoft.com/ja-jp/sql/relational-databases/triggers/create-dml-triggers-to-handle-multiple-rows-of-data](https://docs.microsoft.com/ja-jp/sql/relational-databases/triggers/create-dml-triggers-to-handle-multiple-rows-of-data)
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＜追記＞
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参考までにトリガーのコードを書いてみました。以下のような感じでどうでしょうか？（ちゃんと検証していないので間違いがあるかもしれません。）
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```SQL
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ALTER TRIGGER [dbo].[trTest] ON [dbo].[table_1]
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AFTER INSERT, UPDATE
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AS
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BEGIN
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SET NOCOUNT ON;
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--存在している場合
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If EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.table_2 WHERE A IN (SELECT A FROM inserted) AND (B = 1 OR B = 2))
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BEGIN
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--table_2を更新
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UPDATE dbo.table_2
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SET B = inserted.B
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FROM
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inserted
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WHERE
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table_2.A = inserted.A
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AND (inserted.B = 1 OR inserted.B = 2)
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END
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--存在していない場合
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If NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.table_2 WHERE A IN (SELECT A FROM inserted))
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BEGIN
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--table_2へインサート
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INSERT INTO
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dbo.table_2 (A, B)
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SELECT A,B
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FROM dbo.table_1
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WHERE A NOT IN (SELECT A FROM dbo.table_2)
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END
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END
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```
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