常連

** 前提・実現したいこと**
---
現在、Ruby on Rails Tutorial を写経しながら学習を進めています。
標題の節を進めているのですが、途中のテストでredになってしまいます。
原因がわかる方がいらっしゃいましたらご教示願います。

** 発生している問題・エラーメッセージ**
---
`$ rails t`
```
Running via Spring preloader in process 6077
Started with run options --seed 22425

ERROR["test_login_with_remembering", UsersLoginTest, 1.4186359340001218]
 test_login_with_remembering#UsersLoginTest (1.42s)
NoMethodError:         NoMethodError: undefined method `remember_token' for nil:NilClass
            test/integration/users_login_test.rb:43:in `block in <class:UsersLoginTest>'

  42/42: [=============================================================================================================] 100% Time: 00:00:01, Time: 00:00:01

Finished in 1.50971s
42 tests, 176 assertions, 0 failures, 1 errors, 0 skips
```

`NoMethodError: undefined method 'remember_token' for nil:NilClass`とあります。
第9章の演習 (9.3.1.1)で`app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb`内の通常のローカル変数`user`をインスタンス変数`＠user`に変更していましたが、11章のリスト (11.32)で再び`user`に戻したことがこのエラーの原因かと思われます。

```
統合テストでは、仮想の`remember_token`属性にアクセスできない
↓
`assigns`という特殊なテストメソッドを使うとアクセスできるようになる
↓
`@user`というインスタンス変数が定義されていれば、テスト内部では`assigns(:user)`と書くことでインスタンス変数にアクセスできる。

という経緯で9章で変更していました。
```

なので、再び`@user`に変更し、テストを行ったところ…

```
Running via Spring preloader in process 6799
Started with run options --seed 48516

ERROR["test_login_with_remembering", UsersLoginTest, 0.7189132280000194]
 test_login_with_remembering#UsersLoginTest (0.72s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x00000007645378>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/integration/users_login_test.rb:42:in `block in <class:UsersLoginTest>'

ERROR["test_login_with_valid_information_followed_by_logout", UsersLoginTest, 0.7384869200004687]
 test_login_with_valid_information_followed_by_logout#UsersLoginTest (0.74s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x007fde602f1598>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/integration/users_login_test.rb:21:in `block in <class:UsersLoginTest>'

ERROR["test_login_without_remembering", UsersLoginTest, 0.7538774949998697]
 test_login_without_remembering#UsersLoginTest (0.75s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x000000078ad570>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/integration/users_login_test.rb:48:in `block in <class:UsersLoginTest>'

ERROR["test_successful_edit", UsersEditTest, 0.7702211570003783]
 test_successful_edit#UsersEditTest (0.77s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x00000004319a30>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/integration/users_edit_test.rb:22:in `block in <class:UsersEditTest>'

ERROR["test_successful_edit_with_friendly_forwarding", UsersEditTest, 0.8101292460005425]
 test_successful_edit_with_friendly_forwarding#UsersEditTest (0.81s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x000000078a9d80>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/integration/users_edit_test.rb:41:in `block in <class:UsersEditTest>'

ERROR["test_unsuccessful_edit", UsersEditTest, 0.8249431140002343]
 test_unsuccessful_edit#UsersEditTest (0.83s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x000000076293d0>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/integration/users_edit_test.rb:10:in `block in <class:UsersEditTest>'

ERROR["test_valid_signup_information_with_account_activation", UsersSignupTest, 1.1824065370001335]
 test_valid_signup_information_with_account_activation#UsersSignupTest (1.18s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x0000000951a5f0>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/integration/users_signup_test.rb:34:in `block in <class:UsersSignupTest>'

ERROR["test_should_redirect_update_when_logged_in_as_wrong_user", UsersControllerTest, 1.2318844230003378]
 test_should_redirect_update_when_logged_in_as_wrong_user#UsersControllerTest (1.23s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x0000000969f358>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/controllers/users_controller_test.rb:41:in `block in <class:UsersControllerTest>'

ERROR["test_should_redirect_destroy_when_logged_in_as_a_non-admin", UsersControllerTest, 1.2460524620000797]
 test_should_redirect_destroy_when_logged_in_as_a_non-admin#UsersControllerTest (1.25s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x00000009797990>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/controllers/users_controller_test.rb:66:in `block in <class:UsersControllerTest>'

ERROR["test_should_not_allow_the_admin_attribute_to_be_edited_via_the_web", UsersControllerTest, 1.2702050879997842]
 test_should_not_allow_the_admin_attribute_to_be_edited_via_the_web#UsersControllerTest (1.27s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x000000098d47e0>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/controllers/users_controller_test.rb:49:in `block in <class:UsersControllerTest>'

ERROR["test_should_redirect_edit_when_logged_in_as_wrong_user", UsersControllerTest, 1.2845417730004556]
 test_should_redirect_edit_when_logged_in_as_wrong_user#UsersControllerTest (1.28s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x000000099c9010>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/controllers/users_controller_test.rb:34:in `block in <class:UsersControllerTest>'

ERROR["test_index_as_admin_including_pagination_and_delete_links", UsersIndexTest, 1.3651507889999266]
 test_index_as_admin_including_pagination_and_delete_links#UsersIndexTest (1.37s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x00000009cf3bf0>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/integration/users_index_test.rb:11:in `block in <class:UsersIndexTest>'

ERROR["test_index_as_non-admin", UsersIndexTest, 1.3875819069999125]
 test_index_as_non-admin#UsersIndexTest (1.39s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x00000009cf7a48>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/integration/users_index_test.rb:28:in `block in <class:UsersIndexTest>'

  42/42: [=============================================================================================================] 100% Time: 00:00:01, Time: 00:00:01

Finished in 1.39742s
42 tests, 70 assertions, 0 failures, 13 errors, 0 skips
```

エラーが増えてしまいました。


** 試したこと**
---
`user` を `@user` に変更するということだと思うのですが、どれを変更して良いのかがよく理解できていません。


 **補足情報（FW/ツールのバージョンなど）**
---
AWS Cloud9
Rails 5.1.6

以上になります。
お分かりになる方がいらっしゃいましたら、何卒、宜しくお願い致します。

【RailsTutorial】テスト時のエラーの原因がわからない【11章 11.3.3 】

** 前提・実現したいこと**
---
現在、Ruby on Rails Tutorial を写経しながら学習を進めています。
標題の節を進めているのですが、途中のテストでredになってしまいます。
原因がわかる方がいらっしゃいましたらご教示願います。

** 発生している問題・エラーメッセージ**
---
`$ rails t`
```
Running via Spring preloader in process 6077
Started with run options --seed 22425

ERROR["test_login_with_remembering", UsersLoginTest, 1.4186359340001218]
 test_login_with_remembering#UsersLoginTest (1.42s)
NoMethodError:         NoMethodError: undefined method `remember_token' for nil:NilClass
            test/integration/users_login_test.rb:43:in `block in <class:UsersLoginTest>'

  42/42: [=============================================================================================================] 100% Time: 00:00:01, Time: 00:00:01

Finished in 1.50971s
42 tests, 176 assertions, 0 failures, 1 errors, 0 skips
```

`NoMethodError: undefined method 'remember_token' for nil:NilClass`とあります。
第9章の演習 (9.3.1.1)で`app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb`内の通常のローカル変数`user`をインスタンス変数`＠user`に変更していましたが、11章のリスト (11.32)で再び`user`に戻したことがこのエラーの原因かと思われます。

```
統合テストでは、仮想の`remember_token`属性にアクセスできない
↓
`assigns`という特殊なテストメソッドを使うとアクセスできるようになる
↓
`@user`というインスタンス変数が定義されていれば、テスト内部では`assigns(:user)`と書くことでインスタンス変数にアクセスできる。

という経緯で9章で変更していました。
```

なので、再び`@user`に変更し、テストを行ったところ…

```
Running via Spring preloader in process 6799
Started with run options --seed 48516

ERROR["test_login_with_remembering", UsersLoginTest, 0.7189132280000194]
 test_login_with_remembering#UsersLoginTest (0.72s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x00000007645378>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/integration/users_login_test.rb:42:in `block in <class:UsersLoginTest>'

ERROR["test_login_with_valid_information_followed_by_logout", UsersLoginTest, 0.7384869200004687]
 test_login_with_valid_information_followed_by_logout#UsersLoginTest (0.74s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x007fde602f1598>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/integration/users_login_test.rb:21:in `block in <class:UsersLoginTest>'

ERROR["test_login_without_remembering", UsersLoginTest, 0.7538774949998697]
 test_login_without_remembering#UsersLoginTest (0.75s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x000000078ad570>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/integration/users_login_test.rb:48:in `block in <class:UsersLoginTest>'

ERROR["test_successful_edit", UsersEditTest, 0.7702211570003783]
 test_successful_edit#UsersEditTest (0.77s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x00000004319a30>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/integration/users_edit_test.rb:22:in `block in <class:UsersEditTest>'

ERROR["test_successful_edit_with_friendly_forwarding", UsersEditTest, 0.8101292460005425]
 test_successful_edit_with_friendly_forwarding#UsersEditTest (0.81s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x000000078a9d80>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/integration/users_edit_test.rb:41:in `block in <class:UsersEditTest>'

ERROR["test_unsuccessful_edit", UsersEditTest, 0.8249431140002343]
 test_unsuccessful_edit#UsersEditTest (0.83s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x000000076293d0>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/integration/users_edit_test.rb:10:in `block in <class:UsersEditTest>'

ERROR["test_valid_signup_information_with_account_activation", UsersSignupTest, 1.1824065370001335]
 test_valid_signup_information_with_account_activation#UsersSignupTest (1.18s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x0000000951a5f0>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/integration/users_signup_test.rb:34:in `block in <class:UsersSignupTest>'

ERROR["test_should_redirect_update_when_logged_in_as_wrong_user", UsersControllerTest, 1.2318844230003378]
 test_should_redirect_update_when_logged_in_as_wrong_user#UsersControllerTest (1.23s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x0000000969f358>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/controllers/users_controller_test.rb:41:in `block in <class:UsersControllerTest>'

ERROR["test_should_redirect_destroy_when_logged_in_as_a_non-admin", UsersControllerTest, 1.2460524620000797]
 test_should_redirect_destroy_when_logged_in_as_a_non-admin#UsersControllerTest (1.25s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x00000009797990>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/controllers/users_controller_test.rb:66:in `block in <class:UsersControllerTest>'

ERROR["test_should_not_allow_the_admin_attribute_to_be_edited_via_the_web", UsersControllerTest, 1.2702050879997842]
 test_should_not_allow_the_admin_attribute_to_be_edited_via_the_web#UsersControllerTest (1.27s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x000000098d47e0>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/controllers/users_controller_test.rb:49:in `block in <class:UsersControllerTest>'

ERROR["test_should_redirect_edit_when_logged_in_as_wrong_user", UsersControllerTest, 1.2845417730004556]
 test_should_redirect_edit_when_logged_in_as_wrong_user#UsersControllerTest (1.28s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x000000099c9010>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/controllers/users_controller_test.rb:34:in `block in <class:UsersControllerTest>'

ERROR["test_index_as_admin_including_pagination_and_delete_links", UsersIndexTest, 1.3651507889999266]
 test_index_as_admin_including_pagination_and_delete_links#UsersIndexTest (1.37s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x00000009cf3bf0>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/integration/users_index_test.rb:11:in `block in <class:UsersIndexTest>'

ERROR["test_index_as_non-admin", UsersIndexTest, 1.3875819069999125]
 test_index_as_non-admin#UsersIndexTest (1.39s)
NameError:         NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<SessionsController:0x00000009cf7a48>
        Did you mean?  @user
            app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:9:in `create'
            test/test_helper.rb:29:in `log_in_as'
            test/integration/users_index_test.rb:28:in `block in <class:UsersIndexTest>'

  42/42: [=============================================================================================================] 100% Time: 00:00:01, Time: 00:00:01

Finished in 1.39742s
42 tests, 70 assertions, 0 failures, 13 errors, 0 skips
```

エラーが増えてしまいました。


** 試したこと**
---


 **補足情報（FW/ツールのバージョンなど）**
---
AWS Cloud9
Rails 5.1.6

以上になります。
お分かりになる方がいらっしゃいましたら、何卒、宜しくお願い致します。

@@ -312,6 +312,8 @@
 ---
+`user` を `@user` に変更するということだと思うのですが、どれを変更して良いのかがよく理解できていません。

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