rubyとgemfileの不一致

Question

Linux環境でrailsの構築をしていたところ下記のエラーが出てきてしまいました。

```ここに言語を入力
$ rails s
Your Ruby version is 2.7.0, but your Gemfile specified 2.6.1

いろいろと調べてはみたのですが一向に解決しません。
どうかよろしくお願いします。

versionを書き直し、bundle installを実行した結果発生したエラー

$ bundle install
Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/............
Resolving dependencies...
Using rake 13.0.3
Following files may not be writable, so sudo is needed:
  /usr/local/bin
  /var/lib/gems/2.7.0
  /var/lib/gems/2.7.0/build_info
  /var/lib/gems/2.7.0/cache
  /var/lib/gems/2.7.0/doc
  /var/lib/gems/2.7.0/extensions
  /var/lib/gems/2.7.0/gems
  /var/lib/gems/2.7.0/specifications
Using concurrent-ruby 1.1.9
Using minitest 5.14.4
Using websocket-extensions 0.1.5
Using marcel 1.0.1
Using mini_mime 1.1.0
Using erubi 1.10.0
Using public_suffix 4.0.6
Using zeitwerk 2.4.2
Using bundler 2.2.21
Fetching msgpack 1.4.2
Fetching bindex 0.8.1
Using crass 1.0.6
Using regexp_parser 2.1.1
Using childprocess 3.0.0
Fetching nio4r 2.5.7
Using builder 3.2.4
Using rb-fsevent 0.11.0
Using method_source 1.0.0
Using thor 1.1.0
Using rubyzip 2.3.0
Using tilt 2.0.10
Using semantic_range 3.0.0
Fetching racc 1.5.2
Fetching byebug 11.1.3
Fetching ffi 1.15.3
Using rack 2.2.3
Using sqlite3 1.4.2
Using turbolinks-source 5.2.0
Using spring 2.1.1
Using tzinfo 2.0.4
Using i18n 1.8.10
Using mail 2.7.1
Using addressable 2.7.0
Using selenium-webdriver 3.142.7
Using rack-test 1.1.0
Using rack-mini-profiler 2.3.2
Fetching websocket-driver 0.7.5
Using rack-proxy 0.7.0
Using sprockets 4.0.2
Using turbolinks 5.2.1
Using activesupport 6.1.4
Using globalid 0.4.2
Using activemodel 6.1.4
Using jbuilder 2.11.2
Using activejob 6.1.4
Using activerecord 6.1.4


Your user account isn't allowed to install to the system RubyGems.
  You can cancel this installation and run:

      bundle config set --local path 'vendor/bundle'
      bundle install

  to install the gems into ./vendor/bundle/, or you can enter your password
  and install the bundled gems to RubyGems using sudo.

  Password:


Your user account isn't allowed to install to the system RubyGems.
  You can cancel this installation and run:

      bundle config set --local path 'vendor/bundle'
      bundle install

  to install the gems into ./vendor/bundle/, or you can enter your password
  and install the bundled gems to RubyGems using sudo.

  Password:
Installing bindex 0.8.1 with native extensions
Installing websocket-driver 0.7.5 with native extensions
Installing byebug 11.1.3 with native extensions
Installing nio4r 2.5.7 with native extensions
Installing msgpack 1.4.2 with native extensions
Installing racc 1.5.2 with native extensions
Installing ffi 1.15.3 with native extensions
Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /tmp/bundler20210705-1059-gzagzeracc-1.5.2/gems/racc-1.5.2/ext/racc/cparse
/usr/bin/ruby2.7 -I /usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0 -r ./siteconf20210705-1059-1gdcw6r.rb extconf.rb
mkmf.rb can't find header files for ruby at /usr/lib/ruby/include/ruby.h

You might have to install separate package for the ruby development
environment, ruby-dev or ruby-devel for example.

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /tmp/bundler20210705-1059-gzagzeracc-1.5.2/gems/racc-1.5.2 for inspection.
Results logged to /tmp/bundler20210705-1059-gzagzeracc-1.5.2/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.7.0/racc-1.5.2/gem_make.out

An error occurred while installing racc (1.5.2), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install racc -v '1.5.2' --source 'https://rubygems.org/'` succeeds before bundling.

In Gemfile:
  rails was resolved to 6.1.4, which depends on
    actioncable was resolved to 6.1.4, which depends on
      actionpack was resolved to 6.1.4, which depends on
        actionview was resolved to 6.1.4, which depends on
          rails-dom-testing was resolved to 2.0.3, which depends on
            nokogiri was resolved to 1.11.7, which depends on
              racc


Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /tmp/bundler20210705-1059-gkp5h8nio4r-2.5.7/gems/nio4r-2.5.7/ext/nio4r
/usr/bin/ruby2.7 -I /usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0 -r ./siteconf20210705-1059-5l87mg.rb extconf.rb
mkmf.rb can't find header files for ruby at /usr/lib/ruby/include/ruby.h

You might have to install separate package for the ruby development
environment, ruby-dev or ruby-devel for example.

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /tmp/bundler20210705-1059-gkp5h8nio4r-2.5.7/gems/nio4r-2.5.7 for inspection.
Results logged to /tmp/bundler20210705-1059-gkp5h8nio4r-2.5.7/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.7.0/nio4r-2.5.7/gem_make.out

An error occurred while installing nio4r (2.5.7), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install nio4r -v '2.5.7' --source 'https://rubygems.org/'` succeeds before bundling.

In Gemfile:
  rails was resolved to 6.1.4, which depends on
    actioncable was resolved to 6.1.4, which depends on
      nio4r


Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

current directory:
/tmp/bundler20210705-1059-x387udwebsocket-driver-0.7.5/gems/websocket-driver-0.7.5/ext/websocket-driver
/usr/bin/ruby2.7 -I /usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0 -r ./siteconf20210705-1059-u3wati.rb extconf.rb
mkmf.rb can't find header files for ruby at /usr/lib/ruby/include/ruby.h

You might have to install separate package for the ruby development
environment, ruby-dev or ruby-devel for example.

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /tmp/bundler20210705-1059-x387udwebsocket-driver-0.7.5/gems/websocket-driver-0.7.5
for inspection.
Results logged to
/tmp/bundler20210705-1059-x387udwebsocket-driver-0.7.5/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.7.0/websocket-driver-0.7.5/gem_make.out
An error occurred while installing websocket-driver (0.7.5), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install websocket-driver -v '0.7.5' --source 'https://rubygems.org/'` succeeds before bundling.

In Gemfile:
  rails was resolved to 6.1.4, which depends on
    actioncable was resolved to 6.1.4, which depends on
      websocket-driver


Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /tmp/bundler20210705-1059-qzsws5bindex-0.8.1/gems/bindex-0.8.1/ext/skiptrace
/usr/bin/ruby2.7 -I /usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0 -r ./siteconf20210705-1059-1a7r67v.rb extconf.rb
mkmf.rb can't find header files for ruby at /usr/lib/ruby/include/ruby.h

You might have to install separate package for the ruby development
environment, ruby-dev or ruby-devel for example.

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /tmp/bundler20210705-1059-qzsws5bindex-0.8.1/gems/bindex-0.8.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /tmp/bundler20210705-1059-qzsws5bindex-0.8.1/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.7.0/bindex-0.8.1/gem_make.out

An error occurred while installing bindex (0.8.1), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install bindex -v '0.8.1' --source 'https://rubygems.org/'` succeeds before bundling.

In Gemfile:
  web-console was resolved to 4.1.0, which depends on
    bindex


Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /tmp/bundler20210705-1059-otqpqimsgpack-1.4.2/gems/msgpack-1.4.2/ext/msgpack
/usr/bin/ruby2.7 -I /usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0 -r ./siteconf20210705-1059-17xxby8.rb extconf.rb
mkmf.rb can't find header files for ruby at /usr/lib/ruby/include/ruby.h

You might have to install separate package for the ruby development
environment, ruby-dev or ruby-devel for example.

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /tmp/bundler20210705-1059-otqpqimsgpack-1.4.2/gems/msgpack-1.4.2 for inspection.
Results logged to /tmp/bundler20210705-1059-otqpqimsgpack-1.4.2/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.7.0/msgpack-1.4.2/gem_make.out
An error occurred while installing msgpack (1.4.2), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install msgpack -v '1.4.2' --source 'https://rubygems.org/'` succeeds before bundling.

In Gemfile:
  bootsnap was resolved to 1.7.5, which depends on
    msgpack


Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /tmp/bundler20210705-1059-tdyhiqbyebug-11.1.3/gems/byebug-11.1.3/ext/byebug
/usr/bin/ruby2.7 -I /usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0 -r ./siteconf20210705-1059-m03g8z.rb extconf.rb
mkmf.rb can't find header files for ruby at /usr/lib/ruby/include/ruby.h

You might have to install separate package for the ruby development
environment, ruby-dev or ruby-devel for example.

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /tmp/bundler20210705-1059-tdyhiqbyebug-11.1.3/gems/byebug-11.1.3 for inspection.
Results logged to /tmp/bundler20210705-1059-tdyhiqbyebug-11.1.3/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.7.0/byebug-11.1.3/gem_make.out
An error occurred while installing byebug (11.1.3), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install byebug -v '11.1.3' --source 'https://rubygems.org/'` succeeds before bundling.

Answer 1

どうやっても解決できなかったので一から構築しなおしました。

Answer 2

Gemfile に従って 2.6.1 で実行するのでしたら rbenvなどで2.6.1が動く環境にしてください
2.7.0 でやるのなら Gemfile に書かれている rubyuのversionを 2.7.0 にしてbundle installしましょう

Comments

[moyasi-]

gemfailを書き直しbundle installを実行したところ新たなエラーが発生してしまいました。

[winterboum]

どんな？

[winterboum]

ああ、載ってた、ちとまって

[winterboum]

Your user account isn't allowed to install to the system RubyGems.
You can cancel this installation and run:

bundle config set --local path 'vendor/bundle'
bundle install

と有りますね。