Python 仮想環境下でpip install requests とするとエラーが出る

Question

前提・実現したいこと

macos上にて
python3 -m venv 名前
として仮想環境を立ち上げ、仮想環境内で
pip install requests
をしたいのですがSSLエラーが出ます。

発生している問題・エラーメッセージ

以下 sudo pip install requests　を行ったエラーです

Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/requests/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/requests/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping
  Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement requests (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for requests
pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/pip/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/pip/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping

試したこと

brew install openssl

下記エラーです
Warning: openssl@1.1 1.1.1d is already installed and up-to-date
To reinstall 1.1.1d, run brew reinstall openssl@1.1

補足情報（FW/ツールのバージョンなど）

Python 3.7.2

pip 18.1
scraping/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7)

Comments

[kazto]

pythonはどのようにしてインストールしましたか？

[yuda]

おそらくmac備え付けのものか、
brew install python
だと思います。。
曖昧で申し訳ありません。

[yuda]

(scraping) 名前noMacBook-puro:crawling_and_scraping 名前$ which python
/Users/名前/Desktop/python_work/crawling_and_scraping/scraping/bin/python

上記のpythonを参照しているみたいです。

Answer 1

おそらくpip/pythonが古いopenssl(1.0.2s)を参照しているのではありませんか？ 情報を見る限り、質問者の方のopensslは最新版になっているので参照エラーが起きているように思います

import ssl

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/Users/[username]/.pyenv/versions/3.7.0/lib/python3.7/ssl.py", line 98, in <module>
    import _ssl             # if we can't import it, let the error propagate
ImportError: dlopen(/Users/[username]/.pyenv/versions/3.7.0/lib/python3.7/lib-dynload/_ssl.cpython-37m-darwin.so, 2): Library not loaded: /usr/local/opt/openssl/lib/libssl.1.0.0.dylib
  Referenced from: /Users/[username]/.pyenv/versions/3.7.0/lib/python3.7/lib-dynload/_ssl.cpython-37m-darwin.so
  Reason: image not found

上記のような結果が出る場合、次のようにすれば解決するかと思います:

$ brew switch openssl 1.0.2s

参考

• https://cocoinit23.com/library-not-loaded-usr-local-opt-openssl-lib-libssl-1-0-0-dylib/

Answer 2

https://tsukada.sumito.jp/2019/01/14/pip-is-configured-with-locations-that-require-tls-ssl-however-the-ssl-module-in-python-is-not-available/

この記事を見るとadmin権限をつけて同じコマンドを打ったらエラーが出なかったそうです。sudoをつけて実行したら解決しませんか？

Comments

[yuda]

ご回答ありがとうございます。

sudo pip install requestsとしても変わらず下記のエラーが出てしまいます。。

The directory '/Users/user_name/Library/Caches/pip/http' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and the cache has been disabled. Please check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.

Collecting requests
Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/requests/
Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/requests/
Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/requests/
Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/requests/
Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/requests/
Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/requests/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/requests/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping
Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement requests (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for requests

python -m pip install --upgrade pip
といったコマンドでも、sslエラーが出てしまいます。
証明書を作り、（https://pypi.org/simple/pip/）を信頼するようにそこに記述するべきなのでしょうか？もし、証明書を作る場合にはどのディレクトリに作れば良いのでしょうか？

よろしくお願い致します。

[yuda]

これは仮想環境外（macos上）でも出ています。