DockerでLaravelを立ち上げた際に「404 Not Found」エラーを解決したい

前提・実現したいこと

開発環境でDockerを使用しLaravelで簡単な掲示板サイトを作成中です。

top画面の投稿一覧にはテストデータが表示されているのですが、
[投稿を新規作成する]とコメント作成画面へ遷移する[続きを読む]を押した際に下記のエラーメッセージが表示されます。

必要な情報等ございましたらコメントでお願い致します。

発生している問題・エラーメッセージ

該当のソースコード

web.php

<?php

Route::get('/', 'PostsController@index')->name('top');

Route::resource('posts', 'PostsController', ['only' => ['create', 'store', 'show']]);

PostsController.php

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Post;

class PostsController extends Controller
{
    public function index()
    {
        $posts = Post::orderBy('created_at', 'desc')->get();

        return view('posts.index', ['posts' => $posts]);
    }

    public function create()
    {
        return view('posts.create');
    }

    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        $params = $request->validate([
            'title' => 'required|max:50',
            'body' => 'required|max:2000',
        ]);

        Post::create($params);

        return redirect()->route('top');
    }

    public function show($post_id)
    {
        $post = Post::findOrFail($post_id);

        return view('posts.show', [
            'post' => $post,
        ]);
    }
}

index.blade.php

@extends('layout')

@section('content')
    <div class="container mt-4">
        <div class="mb-4">
            <a href="{{ route('posts.create') }}" class="btn btn-primary">
                投稿を新規作成する
            </a>
        </div>
        @foreach ($posts as $post)
            <div class="card mb-4">
                <div class="card-header">
                    {{ $post->title }}
                </div>
                <div class="card-body">
                    <p class="card-text">
                        <!-- 投稿の最初の200文字を取得し改行ありで表示 -->
                        {!! nl2br(e(str_limit($post->body, 200))) !!}
                    </p>
                    <a class="card-link" href="{{ route('posts.show', ['post' => $post]) }}">
                        続きを読む
                    </a>
                </div>
                <div class="card-footer">
                    <span class="mr-2">
                        投稿日時 {{ $post->created_at->format('Y.m.d') }}
                    </span>

                    @if ($post->comments->count())
                        <span class="badge badge-success">
                            コメント {{ $post->comments->count() }}件
                        </span>
                    @endif
                </div>
            </div>
        @endforeach
    </div>
@endsection

create.blade.php

@extends('layout')

@section('content')
    <div class="container mt-4">
        <div class="border p-4">
            <h1 class="h5 mb-4">
                投稿の新規作成
            </h1>

            <form method="POST" action="{{ route('posts.store') }}">
                @csrf

                <fieldset class="mb-4">
                    <div class="form-group">
                        <label for="title">
                            タイトル
                        </label>
                        <input
                            id="title"
                            name="title"
                            class="form-control {{ $errors->has('title') ? 'is-invalid' : '' }}"
                            value="{{ old('title') }}"
                            type="text"
                        >
                        @if ($errors->has('title'))
                            <div class="invalid-feedback">
                                {{ $errors->first('title') }}
                            </div>
                        @endif
                    </div>

                    <div class="form-group">
                        <label for="body">
                            本文
                        </label>

                        <textarea
                            id="body"
                            name="body"
                            class="form-control {{ $errors->has('body') ? 'is-invalid' : '' }}"
                            rows="4"
                        >{{ old('body') }}</textarea>
                        @if ($errors->has('body'))
                            <div class="invalid-feedback">
                                {{ $errors->first('body') }}
                            </div>
                        @endif
                    </div>

                    <div class="mt-5">
                        <a class="btn btn-secondary" href="{{ route('top') }}">
                            キャンセル
                        </a>

                        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">
                            投稿する
                        </button>
                    </div>
                </fieldset>
            </form>
        </div>
    </div>
@endsection

show.blade.php

@extends('layout')

@section('content')
    <div class="container mt-4">
        <div class="border p-4">
            <h1 class="h5 mb-4">
                {{ $post->title }}
            </h1>

            <p class="mb-5">
                {!! nl2br(e($post->body)) !!}
            </p>

            <section>
                <h2 class="h5 mb-4">
                    コメント
                </h2>

                @forelse($post->comments as $comment)
                    <div class="border-top p-4">
                        <time class="text-secondary">
                            {{ $comment->created_at->format('Y.m.d H:i') }}
                        </time>
                        <p class="mt-2">
                            {!! nl2br(e($comment->body)) !!}
                        </p>
                    </div>
                @empty
                    <p>コメントはまだありません。</p>
                @endforelse
            </section>
        </div>
    </div>
@endsection

docker-compose.yml

version: '3'

services:
  php:
    container_name: php
    build: ./docker/php
    volumes:
    - ./server:/var/www

  nginx:
    image: nginx
    container_name: nginx
    ports:
    - 80:80
    volumes:
    - ./server:/var/www
    - ./docker/nginx/default.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
    depends_on:
    - php
    
  db:
    image: mysql:5.7
    container_name: db-host
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root
      MYSQL_DATABASE: db
      MYSQL_USER: docker
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: docker
      TZ: 'Asia/Tokyo'
    command: mysqld --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
    volumes:
    - ./docker/db/data:/var/lib/mysql
    - ./docker/db/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/conf.d/my.cnf
    - ./docker/db/sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
    ports:
    - 3306:3306

docker/php/Dockerfile

FROM php:7.2-fpm
COPY php.ini /usr/local/etc/php/

RUN apt-get update \
  && apt-get install -y zlib1g-dev \
  && docker-php-ext-install zip pdo_mysql

#Composer install
RUN php -r "copy('https://getcomposer.org/installer', 'composer-setup.php');"
RUN php -r "if (hash_file('sha384', 'composer-setup.php') === '48e3236262b34d30969dca3c37281b3b4bbe3221bda826ac6a9a62d6444cdb0dcd0615698a5cbe587c3f0fe57a54d8f5') { echo 'Installer verified'; } else { echo 'Installer corrupt'; unlink('composer-setup.php'); } echo PHP_EOL;"
RUN php composer-setup.php
RUN php -r "unlink('composer-setup.php');"
RUN mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer

ENV COMPOSER_ALLOW_SUPERUSER 1

ENV COMPOSER_HOME /composer

ENV PATH $PATH:/composer/vendor/bin


WORKDIR /var/www

RUN composer global require "laravel/installer"

docker/nginx/default.conf

server {
  listen 80;
    index index.php index.html;
    root /var/www/public;

  location / {
    root /var/www/public;
    index  index.html index.php;
    }

  location ~ .php$ {
    
    try_files $uri =404;
    fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+.php)(/.+)$;
    fastcgi_pass php:9000;
    fastcgi_index index.php;
    include fastcgi_params;
      fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
      fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
  }
 }

試したこと

・ルーティングの確認→問題なし

+--------+----------+--------------+--------------+---------------------------------------------+--------------+
| Domain | Method   | URI          | Name         | Action                                      | Middleware   |
+--------+----------+--------------+--------------+---------------------------------------------+--------------+
|        | GET|HEAD | /            | top          | App\Http\Controllers\PostsController@index  | web          |
|        | GET|HEAD | api/user     |              | Closure                                     | api,auth:api |
|        | POST     | posts        | posts.store  | App\Http\Controllers\PostsController@store  | web          |
|        | GET|HEAD | posts/create | posts.create | App\Http\Controllers\PostsController@create | web          |
|        | GET|HEAD | posts/{post} | posts.show   | App\Http\Controllers\PostsController@show   | web          |
+--------+----------+--------------+--------------+---------------------------------------------+--------------+

補足情報（FW/ツールのバージョンなど）

ディレクトリ構成
project
├ docker
│　　└ nginx
│　　│　　└ default.conf
│　　└ php
│　　　　└ Dockerfile
│　　　　└ php.ini　
│ 　　
└ docker-compose.yml
│　　
└ server(Laravelファイル一式が入ってます)