「個人設定」や「設定」で Internal error (Redmine 500 error)

###質問内容
ラズパイを用いてredmineを構築しました。
しかし、ログインして「個人設定」や「設定」に移動しようとすると次の表示が出ます。

Internal error

An error occurred on the page you were trying to access.
If you continue to experience problems please contact your Redmine administrator for assistance.

If you are the Redmine administrator, check your log files for details about the error.

何が問題なのか、どうすればよいのか教えてください。

###apache2/error.logの内容

[ 2017-12-04 22:17:03.2480 703/76025430 age/Cor/CoreMain.cpp:819 ]: Checking whether to disconnect long-running connections for process 6026, application /var/www/redmine
App 1447 stderr: Started GET "/my/account" for 192.168.11.6 at 2017-12-04 22:23:26 +0900
App 1447 stderr: Processing by MyController#account as HTML
App 1447 stderr:   Current user: admin (id=1)
App 1447 stderr:   Rendered my/account.html.erb within layouts/base (53.1ms)
App 1447 stderr: Completed 500 Internal Server Error in 122ms (ActiveRecord: 41.3ms)
App 1447 stderr: 
App 1447 stderr: ActionView::Template::Error (Permission denied @ dir_s_mkdir - /var/www/redmine/tmp/cache/E6D):
App 1447 stderr:     22:   <p><%= f.text_field :lastname, :required => true %></p>
App 1447 stderr:     23:   <p><%= f.text_field :mail, :required => true %></p>
App 1447 stderr:     24:   <% unless @user.force_default_language? %>
App 1447 stderr:     25:   <p><%= f.select :language, lang_options_for_select %></p>
App 1447 stderr:     26:   <% end %>
App 1447 stderr:     27:   <% if Setting.openid? %>
App 1447 stderr:     28:   <p><%= f.text_field :identity_url  %></p>
App 1447 stderr:   lib/redmine/i18n.rb:113:in `languages_options'
App 1447 stderr:   app/helpers/application_helper.rb:1042:in `lang_options_for_select'
App 1447 stderr:   app/views/my/account.html.erb:25:in `block in _app_views_my_account_html_erb___1045602386_20513136'
App 1447 stderr:   app/helpers/application_helper.rb:1052:in `labelled_form_for'
App 1447 stderr:   app/views/my/account.html.erb:14:in `_app_views_my_account_html_erb___1045602386_20513136'
App 1447 stderr:   lib/redmine/sudo_mode.rb:63:in `sudo_mode'
App 1447 stderr: 
App 1447 stderr: 
App 1447 stderr: Started GET "/admin/plugins" for 192.168.11.6 at 2017-12-04 22:26:00 +0900
App 1447 stderr: Processing by AdminController#plugins as HTML
App 1447 stderr:   Current user: admin (id=1)
App 1447 stderr:   Rendered admin/plugins.html.erb within layouts/admin (1.1ms)
App 1447 stderr:   Rendered admin/_menu.html.erb (23.9ms)
App 1447 stderr:   Rendered layouts/base.html.erb (55.2ms)
App 1447 stderr: Completed 200 OK in 180ms (Views: 84.3ms | ActiveRecord: 72.5ms)
App 1447 stderr: Started GET "/users/1" for 192.168.11.6 at 2017-12-04 22:26:03 +0900
App 1447 stderr: Processing by UsersController#show as HTML
App 1447 stderr:   Parameters: {"id"=>"1"}
App 1447 stderr:   Current user: admin (id=1)
App 1447 stderr:   Rendered users/show.html.erb within layouts/base (30.4ms)
App 1447 stderr: Completed 200 OK in 215ms (Views: 59.9ms | ActiveRecord: 68.7ms)
App 1447 stderr: Started GET "/my/account" for 192.168.11.6 at 2017-12-04 22:26:04 +0900
App 1447 stderr: Processing by MyController#account as HTML
App 1447 stderr:   Current user: admin (id=1)
App 1447 stderr:   Rendered my/account.html.erb within layouts/base (54.3ms)
App 1447 stderr: Completed 500 Internal Server Error in 139ms (ActiveRecord: 56.8ms)
App 1447 stderr: 
App 1447 stderr: ActionView::Template::Error (Permission denied @ dir_s_mkdir - /var/www/redmine/tmp/cache):
App 1447 stderr:     22:   <p><%= f.text_field :lastname, :required => true %></p>
App 1447 stderr:     23:   <p><%= f.text_field :mail, :required => true %></p>
App 1447 stderr:     24:   <% unless @user.force_default_language? %>
App 1447 stderr:     25:   <p><%= f.select :language, lang_options_for_select %></p>
App 1447 stderr:     26:   <% end %>
App 1447 stderr:     27:   <% if Setting.openid? %>
App 1447 stderr:     28:   <p><%= f.text_field :identity_url  %></p>
App 1447 stderr:   lib/redmine/i18n.rb:113:in `languages_options'
App 1447 stderr:   app/helpers/application_helper.rb:1042:in `lang_options_for_select'
App 1447 stderr:   app/views/my/account.html.erb:25:in `block in _app_views_my_account_html_erb___1045602386_20513136'
App 1447 stderr:   app/helpers/application_helper.rb:1052:in `labelled_form_for'
App 1447 stderr:   app/views/my/account.html.erb:14:in `_app_views_my_account_html_erb___1045602386_20513136'
App 1447 stderr:   lib/redmine/sudo_mode.rb:63:in `sudo_mode'

###試したこと
log/production.logの内容

Started GET "/" for 192.168.11.6 at 2017-12-03 22:12:58 +0900
Processing by WelcomeController#index as HTML
Completed 500 Internal Server Error in 7ms (ActiveRecord: 4.7ms)


ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid (Mysql2::Error: Table 'redmine.settings' doesn't exist: SHOW FULL FIELDS FROM `settings`):
  app/models/setting.rb:203:in `check_cache'
  app/controllers/application_controller.rb:90:in `user_setup'


Migrating to Setup (1)
Migrating to IssueMove (2)
Migrating to IssueAddNote (3)
------文字数の関係で省略　省略部分は下の画像にあります。--------
Migrating to AddProjectsDefaultVersionId (20151031095005)
Migrating to ForcePasswordResetDuringSetup (20160404080304)
Migrating to RemovePositionDefaults (20160416072926)
Migrating to AddRolesSettings (20160529063352)